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Abstract Summary & Conclusion The study was faced by limitations as sample size was small making it less representative of the population and the absence of a hospital database system for patients’ admission and follow-up. In conclusion, this is the first registry for patients admitted with bladder mass in Tanta university hospitals. Our patients were similar to registry observations present in Europe and the United States. Of the risk factors of bladder cancer, smoking history reported in about three quarters of our patients, such higher smoking prevalence in Egyptian patients is confirmed when compared to results of older studies in Egypt. Smoking may represent the main risk factor of bladder cancer nowadays in Egypt. In contrast, Prevalence of Bilharziasis shows a great decrease in more modern studies due to governmental Bilharziasis control programs. This subsequently shows great changes in the pattern of pathology of bladder cancer in Egypt represented by a shift from SCC to TCC resembling the pattern in developed countries. The main presenting symptoms of bladder cancer are hematuria and hydronephrosis. Even patients whose masses are accidently discovered were suffering from microscopic hematuria. Hydronephrosis may be used as an indicator of muscle invasion as mentioned in the present study and may affect the decision of urinary diversion in candidates for radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Most of the urothelial carcinoma was non-muscle invasive which is a similar pattern to the incidence of NMIBC in western countries. Subsequently, most of the cases receive intravesical BCG. In muscle invasive cases, the perioperative conditions of the patients may alter surgical decision and may increase rate of bladder preservation protocols as many patients suffered from liver dysfunctions as liver cirrhosis and hepatitis C. |