الفهرس 
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Abstract
Patient safety culture plays a pivotal role in the assessment of the safety and quality of hospital services. The world health organization has proposed patient safety as a fundamental concept in the provision of care services. Safety culture refers to the summary of perceptions that employees share about the safety of their work environment. Safety related perceptions is based on the values, attitudes, understanding, qualifications, and behavioral patterns of individuals and groups that manifesting the commitment, approaches, and skills in an organization in the terms of safety management. PSC emphasized on the importance of patient safety for the personnel of healthcare organizations (Laal et al., 2016).
The present study aimed at assessing patient’s safety culture as perceived by nurses in two different settings (accredit and not accredit), assessing patient’s safety culture as perceived by head nurses in two different settings (accredit and not accredit), and comparing between the perceptions of the two subjects groups in the two different settings.
Descriptive comparative research design was used to achieve the aim of the study. The current study was conducted in two different settings: Dar El-Shefa Hospital, an accredited hospital and El-Demerdash University Hospital, not accredited hospital. The study subject included two groups; staff nurses group that included one hundred staff nurses out of 800 and head nurses group that included all head nurses working in the above mentioned two settings (80 head nurses); Dar El-Shefa Hospital (50 head nurses) & El-Demerdash Hospital (30 head nurses).
The result of study revealed that:
Head nurses had higher perception level than staff nurses in the non-accredited hospital regarding patient safety culture dimensions. There is no statistically significant difference between staff nurses’ and head nurses’ perception of patient safety culture dimensions in the accredited hospital, where the majority of staff nurses and head nurses have high perception levels regarding all patient safety culture dimensions. that there is a highly statistically significant difference between perception of head nurses regarding patient safety culture level in the two settings (P<0.01); Head nurses in the accredited hospital had higher perception levels regarding patient safety culture level.
The current study concluded that:
There is a highly statistically significant difference between perceptions of staff nurses in the accredited and the non-accredited hospitals. At the same time head nurses do. There were statically significant differences between staff nurses and head nurses perception regarding patient safety culture in the five dimensions. Majority of nurses did not report the safety events in their work areas. In general patient safety grads were acceptable among the head and staff nurses. The dimension of teamwork within units had the highest positive response among staff nurses.
The present study recommended that:
• Encourage head nurses to learn more about the incident reports and how to write.
• Enhance awareness of staff nurses’ about how to communicate with reports and learn rom what happened.
• Encourage safety culture between staff on all organization (no balm on staff).
• Encourage staff nurses to report information about safety, contribute, and participate in safety initiatives.
Suggested future researches:
• Further studies are needed to explore factors affecting patient safety culture.
• Formulate and developed standards for efficiency of patient care.
• Further studies are needed to examine the effect of workload on patient safety culture.