الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objective : To evaluate the possible biological effects on the tongue nerve fibers and intrinsic musculature after pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection in Albino Rats. Method: Thirty male albino rats were selected and randomly divided into three equal groups. group I (control group), 10 rats received only 0.2 mL saline via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) once/ 48 hours, for 24 days (12 doses). group II (small dose group), 10 rats received small doses of PTZ which are 35 mg/kg (sub-convulsive dose) dissolved in 0.2 ml of normal saline i.p. every 48 hrs, for 24 days (12 doses). group III (large dose group), 10 rats received a single dose of PTZ which are 50 mg/kg (convulsive dose) dissolved in 0.2ml of normal saline i.p every 48 hrs, for 14 days (7 doses). 5 random rats of each group were sacrificed on the day zero from the last injection and the remaining five rats were sacrificed 2 weeks later from the last injection. The tongues were dissected and processed for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Results : Control group revealed normal arrangement and organization of skeletal muscle fiber bundles of intrinsic tongue muscles. The studied groups revealed that significant degree of muscular degeneration of the intrinsic tongue muscles when injected with either convulsive or sub-convulsive doses of PTZ. Also significant degree of nerve fibers degeneration within the intrinsic tongue muscles had been observed histologically. Apoptotic effects on the skeletal muscle fibers observed when the injected groups examined with anti-caspase 3. Conclusion : These results suggest that injection of PTZ and induction of seizures may have degenerative effects on the skeletal muscles structure.