الفهرس 
Design and Development of a Transplanting Unit for Onion SeedlingsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa) is considered as one of the most important economic crops in Egypt. It is used in human feeding in various stages of growth, before drying the leaves, also feeding on bulbs after the dry of the leaves, also it enters in the pickling industry and medical purposes. As well as the production of the seeds is considered to be one of the important export crops in Egypt. Planted onion area in Egypt is about 200 thousand feddans, the Egyptian production of onion was about 3.1 million tonnes, the world production was 93.2 million tonnes and yield was about 15 tonnes/feddans (FAO, 2016).
Because of the importance of the onion crop, it was necessary to interest the planting onion seedlings in the field, where the traditional methods of agriculture, manual and semi-automatic needs to high costs and a lot of time. where manual traditional transplanting needs 48 man-hour/fed with cost 720 EGP and semi-automatic transplanter needs operator for drive and operator for all row. Planting onion is at a depth of 30 mm in rows at planting spacing 100 mm and the distance between the seedlings within the row is 200 mm, number of seedlings is about 200,000 seedlings/fed.
The aim of this research is to design and manufacture a full automatic transplanter for onion seedlings, at distance between rows 100 mm and number of rows in the machine was one row. The proposed prototype transplanter was designed and constructed in the workshop of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Factors such as theoretical field capacity, actual field capacity, field efficiency, power requirements, distance between seedlings, depth of planting, percentage of wheel skidding, percentage of seedlings multiplies, theoretical seedlings rate, actual seedlings rate, percentage of planting seedlings, percentage of missed seedlings and percentage of damaged seedlings.
Testing of the transplanter was carried out in the soil bin laboratory, using fork feeding device and spring loaded fork feeding device at four forward speeds: 1.5, 2.5, 3.6, and 4.8 km/h where the distance between seedlings was adjusted to be 200 mm and number of rows in the machine was one row.