الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: It has been known that the muscles of the anus perform a critical role in maintaining continence. Any defect in their structure can negatively affect the physiological control of feces. Modalities of treatments applied to cases of fecal incontinence depend on their efficiency. The most recent one is the anorectal electro-stimulation, which has been shown in different studies to improve the structure of the anal sphincters Aim of the work: The present work aim to investigate the effect of cutaneous electrical stimulation upon regeneration of the anal sphincter in rat model subjected to injury. Material and methods: 30 adult female albino rats (weighing 180-250 grams) were divided into four groups. group I: control group (IA) and sham group (IB). The other 3 groups were induced to anal sphincter injury, group II: specimens were taken directly after induction of anal sphincter injury. group III: were left for spontaneous healing for 3weeks. group IV: were received five sessions per week of cutaneous anal electric stimulation for three weeks. At the end of the experiment, the anal canal was obtained and prepared for histological and immune –histochemical staining and examined by light microscopy. Results: Examinations of anal canal sections of group II showed the site of the induced injury traversed by inflammatory cells and huge interstitial hemorrhage along the muscles. group III showed disorganized muscle fibers with loss of architecture. There is loss of striations, inflammatory cellular infiltration and wavy appearance of fibers. The nuclei appeared either dense or vacuolated. These findings indicate degenerative changes in the muscle fibers. On the other hand, group IV showed regularly arranged fibers. Most of the external anal muscle fibers retained its striated appearance and their regenerating nuclei start to take peripheral position and few fibers are still splitted and wavy. Many satellite cells are present. The nuclei appeared vesiculated and retained its normal position. These findings indicate regenerative changes in the muscle fibers. Conclusions: The use of the cutaneous electric stimulation is useful in muscle healing with regaining normal muscular architecture and improving muscle function.