الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 149 |  |  |
| | | from | 149 | | |
Abstract
Aim of the study: Monitoring the anticancer effect of the Egyptian propolis methanolic extract
with and without the chitosan nanospheres through ultrastructural histological study, COMET assay,
the MTT assay and the miRNA expression.
Materials and Methods: Tongue carcinoma cells were allowed to grow without any
interventions and categorized as group I (gp I). Methanolic propolis extract was prepared from crude
Egyptian propolis and applied on human tongue cancer cell line and categorized as group II (gp II) and
then propolis nanopowders were loaded upon prepared chitosan nanospheres and applied again on a
control human tongue cancer cell line and categorized as group III (gp III). The propolis and chitosan
particle nanosize was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Phytochemical analysis for the
propolis methanolic extract was made. The anticancer efficacy of the alcoholic extract alone and the
combinational nanospheres of propolis and chitosan were investigated by cell proliferation assay
(MTT assay), COMET assay, miRNA quantification by real-time PCR and the ultra structural changes
were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Results: The results showed a significant cytotoxic effect on the cancer cells and detectable
ultrastructural apoptotic changes in gp II and gp III. The cell viability assay (MTT) showed a
significant DROP in the cell viability from gp I to gp II and gp III at each time interval 24 hr and 48 hr.
vii
COMET assay measuring the % of apoptosis proved the significant increase from gp I to gp II
and gp III at both time intervals 24 hr and 48 hr. Moreover, miRNA 21 and miRNA 195 both were
dropped significantly in gp II and gp III compared to gp I both at 24 and 48hrs.
Conclusion: This study showed a promising anticancer effect of Egyptian propolis extract on
human tongue carcinoma cell line. This anticancer effect increased upon propolis nanopowder loading
on chitosan nanoshperes.