الفهرس 
TitleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium. It belongs to the
family Pseudomonadaceae, it is a motile, non-fermenting obligate aerobe.
P.aeruginosa is seldom a member of the normal microbial flora in humans. The high
mortality associated with these infections is due to a combination of weakened host
defenses, bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and the production of extracellular bacterial
enzymes and toxins. The ability of P. aeruginosa to cause a wide range of infections is
partly due to the potential production of a large array of virulence factors. These can be
classified into cell-associated and secreted virulence factors.
The aim of this study was rapid identification of genus and species level of P.
aeruginosa by detection of oprI, oprL genes respectively by PCR. In addition virulence
genes toxA, plcH , plcN and LasB were also detected by PCR
The results of this study showed the following:
The highest level of resistance to antibiotics was detected among 3rd and 4th generation
of cephalosporins. Resistance to ceftazidime and cefepime was detected in 90% of
respiratory tract infection followed by 87.5% in bloodstream infections 68% in wound
infections and in 71% of urinary tract infections.
The highest level of resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam was associated with both
respiratory tract infection and bloodstream infection 75% followed by wound
infection in 47% and finally urinary tract infections in 43%. The highest resistance to
imipenem and meropenem was associated with both respiratory tract infection and
bloodstream infection in 75%, followed by 53% in wound infections and 43% in
urinary tract infections.
The highest level of resistance to aztreonam was associated with respiratory tract
infection 80%, followed by wound infections 68%, bloodstream infections 63% and
urinary tract infections 57%.
The highest resistance for Gentamicin was associated with respiratory tract infection
65% followed by 50% for bloodstream infection, urinary tract infections 43% and
wound infections 40%. The highest level of resistance to Tobramycin was associated
with respiratory tract infection 70% followed by bloodstream infection 62%, urinary
tract infections 43% and wound infections 40%.
On the other hand, the highest level of resistance to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin
was associated with respiratory tract infection 80% followed by bloodstream
infection 75% and wound infections 60% and urinary tract infections 43%.
Summary, Conclusions & Recommendations
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None of the test isolates showed resistance to Colistin or Polymyxin.
All isolates were molecularly confirmed as P.aeruginosa spp using both oprI and
oprL genes
All the 50 (100%) P.aeruginosa isolates were positive for plcH, plcN and LasB
genes, while only 46(92%) isolates were positive for the toxA gene.
toxA gene was not detected in 2 samples from bloodstream infections, 1 from
respiratory tract infection and 1 from wound infection.