الفهرس 
NTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
I - INTRODUCTION
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the oldest and economically most important trees in the Middle East and North Africa, estimated to have nearly 2,000 varieties around the world. Its economic utility is multifold and includes staple food, beverages, ornamentals and architectural materials with a yearly production of 7.5 million tons of fruit (Chao and Krueger, 2007).
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) belongs to the family Arecaceae and it is considered the tree of life in the desert, because it tolerates high temperatures, drought and salinity more than many other fruit crops (Lunde, 1978).
Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is considered one of the most important fruit crops in Egypt. Its cultivation has been known for thousands of years. It has a major socio-economic importance due to its commercial, nutritio