الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Salmonellosis Is A Pathological Infection With Extremely Hazardous Outcomes, Leading To Cancer. Hence, It Is A Necessity To Discover Effective Treatments. The Nature Has Provided Many Useful Microorganisms Producing Antimicrobial Products, Such As LAB. In This Study 8 LAB Were Isolated from Dairy Products And Identified Using Microbiological And Biochemical Assays, Including Pediococcus Pentosaceus, Two Isolates Of Enterococcus Faecium, And Two Isolates Of Lactococcus Lactis, Lactobacillus Plantarum, And Lactobacillus Paracaesi. API 50 CH Assay Was Used For The Identification Of The Isolated Strains Of LAB. Cell-Free-Extracts Showed An Inhibitory Effect On Salmonella. Also, Molecular Identification Techniques Were Used For Further Identification; Gel Electrophoresis Technique And 16srdna Were Used For The Confirmation Of A Successful Extraction Of Two Isolates Lactobacillus Plantarum And Lactobacillus Paracaesi. The Ability Of Bacteriocin Production Was Assumed Due To The Ability Of Cell-Free Extract To Inhibit Salmonella For Lactobacillus Plantarum And Lactobacillus Paracaesi, Hence, Bacteriocin Was Extracted And Tested At Different Ph Levels, Showing Inhibition Zone At Ph 2. The Stability Of Bacteriocin Was Estimated Through Studying The Effect Of Proteolytic Enzymes On It, Showing Complete Diminishing Of Activity Of Crude Extract Isolate Of Lactobacillus Plantarum And Lactobacillus Paracaesi By The Proteolytic Enzyme (Papain). The Infection With Salmonella Was Confirmed Using Widal Agglutination Test Measuring Antibodies Titre. LAB Probiotics Has Reversed The Elevation Of TNF-Α Caused By The Salmonella Infection Despite That Both LAB Probiotics Increased The TNF-Α Levels When Administered Alone. On The Other Hand Both LAB Probiotics Caused The Lowering Of The IL-1β Levels Leading To The Prediction Of A Better Outcome Of Salmonellosis. Histopathological Evaluation Of Both The Liver And Intestine Tissues Revealed Complete Distortion Of Lobules And Replacement By Variable Aggregation Of The Inflammatory Cells Around Portal Tract, And Multifocal Necrosis Of Liver Tissues When Challenged With Salmonella. L. Plantarum And L. Paracaesi Treatments Reversed The Damage Encountered By Salmonellosis. Histological Examination Of Salmonella Infected Tissues Showed Shortening Of The Villi With Bunt, Broad Apical Surfaces, Destruction And Exfoliation In The Epithelial Lining Of Villi Which Replaced By Pyknotic Nuclei . The Core Of The Villi Shows Cellular Infiltration And Empty Intercellular Spaces Which May Be Due To Edema. L.Plantarum And L. Paracaesi Treatments Showed Significant Enhance In Cellular characteristics Of The Intestinal Villi And Mucosa.