الفهرس 
Introductionيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
This study was performed on 100 patients with stable COPD who were presented as out-patients to chest clinic at Cardiothoracic Minia University hospital during the period between October 2018 to December 2019.
All the patients had been subjected to the following:
1) Full detailed history taking included (age, sex, smoking status, other special habits and chest symptoms).
2) General examination.
3) Local chest examination.
4) Investigation included:
• Radiological: chest x-ray and HRCT of the lung in some cases.
• Spirometry.
• Laboratory assesment:- CBC(complete blood count) ,LFT(liver function test), RFT(renal function test), CRP(C-reactive protein), serum fibrinogen.
According to Spanish classification of phenotypes of COPD, patients were classified into 3 phenotypes :- 45 patients in exacerbator phenotype (34 chronic bronchitis predominant, and 11 emphysema predominant), and 37 patients in non exacerbator phenotype (32chronic bronchitis predominant ,and 5 emphysema predominant), and 18 patients in ACO phenotype.
The results showed that patients with chronic bronchitis were more than emphysema in both exacerbator and non exacerbator phenotypes.
It was found that patients were older in exacerbator and non exacerbator group than ACO group.
As regard sex, females were significantly higher in ACO cases rather than other phenotypes while males were highly significantly in exacerbator and non-exacerbator COPD.
Farmers were significantly higher in exacerbator and non exacerbator phenotype, while housewives were significantly higher in ACO phenotype.
Biomass fuel exposure was significantly higher in ACO group on the other hand smoking was higher in both exacerbator and non-exacerbator groups.
As regard clinical manifestation in different phenotypes wheezing was significantly higher in ACO cases.
It was found that exacerbator group had the lowest FEV1/FVC ratio and lowest FEV1than other groups.
It was found that there was no significant difference between COPD phenotypes as regard 6MWT and inflammatory biomarkers.
It was found that exacerbator group had the highest CAT score.
It was found that more than half of exacerbator group found in class D while non-exacebator group and ACO cases were more in class B.
It was found that there was significant difference towards anxiety as it was higher in exacerbator group.
COPD comorbidity index was higher in exacerbator group.
As regard frequency of exacerbation, exacerbator group had higher rate of exacerbation than other phenotypes.
Patients of either exacerbator or non exacerbator group were admitted in hospital for severe exacerbations than ACO patients, and patients of exacerbator group were more substantially admitted to ICU in comparable to other phenotypes.