الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
The treatment of pulp necrosis, particularly in primary teeth, is a complex procedure based on the elimination of the root canal infection through good mechanical preparation and profound irrigation. Microorganisms found in the root canals of primary teeth are, to a wide extent, the same as those in the root canals of permanent teeth. Bacterial species such as E. faecalis has been reported in high prevalence in primary pulpal infections affecting children.
The purpose of the current study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of 20% P. guajava leaves extract and 20% Camellia sinensis leaves extract with 2% CHX di-gluconate when used as root canal irrigants in extracted primary teeth roots contaminated with E. faecalis bacteria.
Sixty-five primary roots were used. Roots were randomly divided into three experimental groups, one positive control group and one negative control group as follows: group I: consisted of 15 roots that were irrigated with 20% guava leaves extract after being contaminated with E. faecalis , group II: consisted of 15 roots that were contaminated with E. faecalis and irrigated with green tea leaves extract , group III: consisted of 15 roots that were irrigated with CHX di-gluconate solution after being contaminated with E. faecalis. group IV (positive control): consisted of 15 roots that were contaminated and irrigated with sterile saline and group V (negative control): consisted of 5 roots that were neither contaminated nor irrigated.
A concentration of 20% guava leaves extract and green tea leaves extract solutions were prepared to be used as irrigation. After mechanical preparation of the root canals employing the step back preparation technique reaching master apical file size #40 to standardize the diameter of all the canals, sterilization of all samples were carried out using Andromeda vacuum xp autoclave at 121 degrees Celsius and 15 PSI pressure for 20 minutes.
Bacterial contamination of the first four groups with E. faecalis was carried out by immersing the samples in a 24-hour pure culture suspension of E. faecalis grown in Brain Heart Infusion broth and adjusted to No. 1 MacFarland turbidity standard. All the roots were incubated at 37 degrees Celsius in sealed vials. This procedure was repeated every 72 hours using a 24-hour pure culture prepared and adjusted to the No. 1 MacFarland turbidity standard.
Roots in each group were irrigated with their assigned irrigation solution for 5 minutes then samples were collected from the canals using two sterile paper points from each sample.
The fluid from the canals was smeared to be inoculated on surface of the plate media (BHI agar plates), incubated at 37 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. Colony forming units per 1 ml were counted.
Results showed that there was a significant difference among the four tested groups. Positive control group had the highest (Mean±SD) value of CFU followed by guava leaves extract group then green tea leaves extract group, while CHX group had the lowest (Mean±SD).
Conclusions
Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that:
1- The three of 2% CHX di-gluconate, 20% guava leaves extract as well as 20% green tea leaves extract irrigation solutions have an antibacterial effect against E. faecalis as root canal irrigants in primary teeth.
2- 2% CHX di-gluconate showed superior efficacy to the other two irrigation solutions against E. faecalis. Thus, it is preferred in infected canals as an irrigant.
3- Green tea leaves extract showed superior efficacy to guava leaves extracts against E. faecalis as root canal irrigants in primary teeth.