الفهرس 
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Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a common gastrointestinal disorder affecting many people. It results in many complications regarding its high morbidity and mortality. Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs ( NSAIDs ). It is used to relieve inflammation and pain. Gastrointestinal complications are one of its severe common adverse effects. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a role as a promising line of treatment in many diseases including gastrointestinal diseses. Angiotensin II (a part of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) has been cosidered as a stress hormone. It plays an important role in the regulation of macro- and microcirculation of gastrointestinal tract under both, physiological and pathological conditions. In this study, fifty male adult albino rats were used. They were divided equally into: group I: served as a( control group) received water . group II: (ulcer group) received indomethacin orally at 200mg /kg once and then dissected after 4 hours.group III: (autohealing group) received indomethacin orally, as the same previus dose, then after 4 hours, they received saline intraperitoneally and dissected at the 1st,2nd.3rd and 4th day. group IV: (stem cell treated group) received indomethacin orally, as the same previus dose, then after 4 hours ,they received MSCs intraperitoneally and dissected at the 1st,2nd.3rd and 4th daygroup V: (Angiotensin II group) recived angiotensin II at a dose of 200ng/ kg intraperitoneally once then after 10 minutes received indomethacin orally, as the same previus dose, then dissected after 4 hours. The stomach was dissected out and taken for macroscopic ,microscopic and immunohistochemical examination . PAS-Ab technique was performed to detect neutral and acidic type of mucin. Statistical and morphometric studies regarding Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) to detect cellular proliferation ; ulcer index to detect the healing extent of the ulcer and HLA-gene in group I and group IV to detect MSCs homing was done. Flow cytometry has been done for MSCs characterizaion. In comparison to control group, the sections of group II showed microscopic features of gatric ulcer as inflammatory infilterate , dilated congested blood capillaries , disorganization and shedding of the fundic mucosa. In group III, worse healing features as excessive granulation tissue and heavy cellular infilteration with disorganized architecture of the fundic mucosa were detected. By immunohistochemical examination; group III showed weak expression of both VEGF and PCNA indicating insufficient amount of growth factors which help the healing process and excessive granulaion tissue impeding healing sequences to occur. While in group IV, stem cell treated group, we found better healing finding as restoration of the fundic mucosa , few granulation tissue, cellular infilteration and in other areas there were niether granulation tissue nor cellular infilteration.