الفهرس 
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Abstract
This in vivo study was performed to clinically evaluate the pre-heated versus un-heated bulk fill composite resin in class I cavities along one year. Twenty patients of age 30-45 years old selected to participate according to inclusion criteria. Each patient received two composite resin restorations, one pre-heated to 540C in the C- warmer device and the other was un-heated bulk-fill (X-tra fil and Futurabond M+universal adhesive system). Simple occlusal conventional class I cavity was prepared according to caries extension with moderate cavity depth 3-4mm. No bevels were prepared. Glass inomer cement was used as a liner before application of composite resins. A total of 40 restorations were performed, 20 for each group. Two calibrated examiners evaluated the restorations clinically at baseline (after 24 hours), 6, 9 months and after one year, according to United States Public Health Service criteria. The data were analyzed using using software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 26) computer program by Chi Square test. Results: The one-year recall rate was 100%. A statistically-significant differences were detected between the materials’ performance only after 12 months follow up period for marginal adaptation and discoloration criteria where P-value <0.05. A statistical relationship using Spearman’s correlation test at a significant level of p≤0.05 was performed between the related tested criteria in group I after 12 months follow up periods and revealed that positive relation between the tested criteria . The hypothesis of this study was not rejected since significant differences were found in the clinical performance of the materials tested.