الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
ZnO NPs is a common significant metal, which might be discharged into the surroundings throughout industrial products. Selenium is a well-known antioxidant which is very important for human and animal life. Nanotechnology has enabled researchers to synthesize nanosize particles that possess enlarged surface areas. Compared to traditional microparticles, it resulted in enlarged interactions with biological purposes.
The current work provided a clue of the possible therapeutic role of selenium on ZnO NPs induced histopathological changes in the spleen. Concomitant treatment of male rats with this Se has been recently shown to exert a protective effect against ZnO NPs-induced splenic dysfunction.
A total of 35 adult male albino rats were divided into 7 groups:
group I (Control): consists of 5 rats that received no medication.
group II (low dose Zno NPs group): consists of 5 rats that received 100 mg/kg/day zinc oxide nanoparticles by oral gavage.
group III (medium dose Zno NPs group): consists of 5 rats that received 200 mg/kg/day zinc oxide nanoparticles by oral gavage.
group IV (high dose Zno NPs group): consists of 5 rats that received 300 mg/kg/day zinc oxide nanoparticles by oral gavage.
group V (low dose Zno NPs-selenite group): consists of 5 rats that received 100 mg/kg/day zinc oxide nanoparticles by oral gavage and 1.25 mg Se/kg/day by intraperitoneal injection.
group VI (medium dose Zno NPs-selenite group): consists of 5 rats that received 200 mg/kg/day zinc oxide nanoparticles by oral gavage and 1.25 mg Se/kg/day by intraperitoneal injection.
group VII (high dose Zno NPs-selenite group): consists of 5 rats that received 300 mg/kg/day zinc oxide nanoparticles by oral gavage and 1.25 mg Se/kg/day by intraperitoneal injection.
The rats of all groups were sacrificed at the same time after 14 days. The spleen was rapidly dissected out. The specimens of each group were processed for light and immunohistochemical studies. They were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, masson’s trichrome stain, PCNA, P53 for evaluating splenic cells. Morphometric and statistical methods were performed.
The results of examination of the splenic sections of the control group (group I) by light microscope were similar to the normal structure.
Results of group II, III, IV showed significant histopathological changes in the spleen. H and E stained sections showed loss of the normal architecture of the splenic tissues. Masson’s trichrome sections showed increased collagen deposition. The immunohistochemical stained sections showed strong P53 immunoreaction and weak PCNA immunoreaction.
In group V, VI, VII, concomitant treatment with selenium effectively inhibited the ZnO NPs induced splenic damage and succeeded in restoring the integrity of the spleen induced by ZnO NPs by H and E stained sections. Masson’s trichrome sections showed decrease collagen deposition and the immunohistochemical stained sections showed weak P53 immunoreaction and strong PCNA immunoreaction.
Moreover, according to biochemical results showed noticeable improvement after addition of selenium.
Results: selenium has protective effect against ZnO NPs-induced splenic dysfunction, and restoring integrity of the spleen.
Conclusion:
Selenium have a great protective impact against toxicity ZnO NPs on the spleen through their effect in decreasing collagen deposition also the presence of Selenium documented beneficial effects on histological changes after exposure to ZnO NPs. This proves that Selenium play a significant role in ZnO NPs toxicity. So the administration of antioxidants in response to an increased risk of exposure to ZnO NPs compounds may protect the human body against their harmful effects. Although Selenium was able to restore the cell structure and prevent cellular damage, further investigations using different doses of both ZnO NPs and selenium, Selenium NPs are required.