الفهرس 
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Abstract
Experiments were carried out through two years (2019 and 2020) in Bilbes city (30º 25’ 17.9” N. 31º 30’ 32.6” E), Sharqia Governorate, Egypt to construct and evaluate the performance of two distillation system types (Electric heating- steam distillation system and solar heating- steam distillation system) during extracting volatile oils from medicinal and aromatic plants.
The specific objectives of this research are to:
- Produce volatile oils from medicinal and aromatic plant by using solar energy.
- Construct a simple solar unit from low cost, local material for extracting volatile oils.
- Study some different parameters affecting the performance of the constructed solar heating extraction unit.
- Compare between solar heating- steam distillation system and Electric heating- steam distillation system from the economic point of view.
Experiments were carried out to study the performance of the two extraction systems as a function of change in boiler inlet water flow rates and plant batch size. Performance evaluation was conducted in terms of system productivity, system efficiency, extraction efficiency, essential oil yield, energy and cost requirements.
The experimental results reveal to the following:
- It is recommended to use the solar heating- steam distillation system for extracting volatile oils from medicinal and aromatic plant instead of the Electric heating- steam distillation system to avoid negative effects of pollution on both human health and environment.
- It is recommended to use (800, 700 g) of whole plant and water flow rate was (1.25, 1.50 l/h) for extracting volatile oil from lavender and peppermint, respectively.