الفهرس 
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Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and human uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) may encounter similar difficulties during the establishment of infection in extraintestinal sites. They may share similar virulence genes and the ability to cause disease.
A total of 130 samples were used in this study, including100 human urine samples were collected from patients suffering from urinary tract infections (75 from females, 25 from males) and examined bacteriologically. Other 30 samples were collected from internal organs of broiler chickens exhibited characteristic signs of colibacillosis (liver (7), liver capsule (9), heart blood (4), and pericardium (10) of chickens exhibiting (airsacculitis, pericarditis, peritonitis, and septicemia)
For bacterial isolation, the collected swabs from broiler chicken samples were inoculated into nutrient broth or Trypticase soy broth and kept in the incubator at 37oC for 18-24 hours then a loopful from each sample was streaked onto MacConkey’s agar medium, human urine samples were streaked on to MacConkey’s Agar medium. E.coli isolates were tested for their hemolytic activity by culturing them on blood agar medium.
PCR was carried out on E. coli isolates to determine the prevalence of some virulence genes in both APEC isolates and human UPEC isolates and detect the similarities between them.
The two groups showed a significant overlap of virulence genotypes including genes encoding adhesins (fimH, fimAvMT78, and papC), which were the most prevalent genes among both APEC (91.66%, 83.3%, and 91.6% respectively) and human UPEC isolates (68.75%, 56.25%, and 56.25% respectively). Genes related to large transmissible R plasmid known as pTJ100 plasmid iss, iutA, sitA, and traT) were more dominant among APEC (66.6%, 66.6, % 91.6%, and 50% respectively) than UPEC isolates (43.75 %, 12.5 %, 56.25%, and 12.5% respectively), feoB gene that mediates ferric iron uptake and ompT gene which encodes outer membrane proteins were presented with higher incidence among APEC isolates (66.6% and 83.3% respectively) than UPEC isolates (37.5%), while tsh gene was absent in the two groups.
these results indicated that the examined virulence genes occurred among both APEC and human UPEC isolates but with differences in their prevalence, these similarities give a hypothesis that APEC probably serves as a source or as a reservoir of virulence genes for human ExPEC and disease in humansmay be able to cause extraintestinal.