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Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic syndrome that can be characterized by hepatic steatosis, weak inflammation and hyperlipidemia (Pedrosa et al., 2020). NAFLD begins with ≥5% fat droplets in the hepatocytes and can progress to fatty infiltration with or without fibrosis and cirrhosis under uncontrolled stress conditions (Kelly & Wattacheril, 2019). In the 1990s, the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was considered as a subtype and advanced form of NAFLD. NASH is characterized by hepatic ballooning, macrovesicular steatosis, and strong necroinflammation. Under uncontrolled conditions, NASH can progress to fibrosis/cirrhosis and may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and death (Younossi et al., 2019; Pedrosa et al., 2020). In 2018, it has been reported that about 25% of the world population has NAFLD (Younossi et al., 2019). The prevalence of paediatric NAFLD was 3–10% in children (Figure 1). |