الفهرس 
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Abstract
The objectives of this study, is the determination of the marketing channels that its function reaching the veterinary drugs to the farmers in which the animal take it for diseases prevention and treatment, and determination of the marketing margin of veterinary drugs with determination of its level at different periods of the drugs productions, manufactuers and marketing.
Period of the study: This study was carried-out during the period extended from the period of 2017 to 2019 on the certain drugs that marketed in Egypt of a higher distribution and commonly used for treatment of the large, small and poultry against different diseases affecting them.
Factory of the drugs:
Drugs produced by Atcopharma for pharmaceutical industries at Industrial zone , Quisna, Menofia, Egypt.
Drug sales areas:
El-Garbia, Kafr El Sheikh. Monufia. Qalyubia. Beheira, Alexandria. Dakahlia, Sharkia. Cairo . Fayoum. Upper Egypt.
Materials of data collection:
Records found in the firm, wholesalers, distributers, veterinary office, and animal farms.
Also, the research questioner was used if the records not found or the data not accurate.
Data processing:
The data obtained includes :
1-Type of drugs.
2-Price of drugs in the firms.
3-Price of the drugs at different periods of the transportation.
4-Price of the drugs at the period in which the farmers purchase it.
The data was under go economic analysis for determination of the factors affecting marketing margins through the different marketing channels till reach to the farmer to gaven to the diseased animals or birds.
Our study concluded that:-
1-Our results on the prices of drugs under the study cleared that, the respiratory system diseases of a higher prices includes at the factory leve includes D-Tylo (315 LE), Atoerytherin (308 LE), followed by Methoxi-tri (287 LE), Atospectin (259 LE).
While, the drugs of digestive system diseases of a higher factory price observed in floribiotic (280 LE), Amprotenila (245 LE), followed by atcoampicine-20 (231 LE), flagymox (214 LE) .
Also, in growth promoters and other drugs the higher factory price observed in Atcobeet (147 LE), Atocef forte 112 LE) and the lower factory price observed in Magie oil (109 LE) and Magnafos (56 LE).
2-Our results on the drug value at transporation, wharehousing cleared that, respiratory system drugs observed in D-Tylo (347 LE), Atoerytherin (339 LE), followed by Methoxi-tri (316 LE), Atospectin (285).
While, the lower price observed in Tilmicoral (223 LE), Spectal super-50 (177) and Atcotylan -100 (108 LE).
While, in digestive system diseases drugs the higher prices drugs due to addition of Transportation, warehousing costs and direct expenses (sales and marketing team) of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study price observed in floribiotic (308 LE), Amprotenila (270 LE), followed by atcoampicine (254 LE), flagymox (235 LE) .
While, the lower transportation, warehousing costs and direct expenses (sales and marketing team) of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study price observed in drugs of Atcocolistan-600 (100 LE), Atcoleva (92 LE) and Atodiazol (70 LE).
The results cleared that, in case of growth promoters diseases and othetr drugs the higher drug prices at this stage observed in Atcobeet (162 LE), Atocef forte (123 LE) and the lower factory price observed in Magie oil (119 LE) and Magnafos (62 LE).
3-Our results on the Wholesale and distribution prices of the drugs cleared that, higher prices of respiratory system drugs observed in D-Tylo (364 LE), Atoerytherin (356 LE), followed by Methoxi-tri (331 LE), Atospectin (299) while, the lower wholesale price observed in Tilmicoral (234 LE), Spectal super-50 (186) and Atcotylan -100 (113 LE).
Meanwhile, the higher wholesale prices of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study observed in Florbiotic (323 LE), Amprotenila (283 LE), followed by Neocox (283 LE), Atcoampicine (267 LE), Flagymox (247 LE).
While, the lower wholesale price of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study observed in drugs of Atcocolistan-600 (105 LE), Atcoleva (97 LE) and Atcodiazol (81 LE).
Also, the results cleared that, the higher whole sale of growth promoters and other diseases drugs used under the study observed in Atcobeet (170 LE), Atocef forte (129 LE) and the lower factory price observed in Magie oil (125 LE) and Magnafos (65 LE).
4-Our results on the Veterinary office price of the drugs cleared that, the the higher respiratory system drug prices observed in D-Tylo (382 LE), Atoerytherin (374 LE), followed by Methoxi-tri (348 LE), Atospectin (314) while, the lower veterinary office price observed in Tilmicoral (246 LE), Spectal super-50 (195) and Atcotylan -100 (119 LE).
The higher veterinary office prices of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study observed in Florbiotic (340 LE), Amprotenila (297 LE), followed by Neocox (297 LE), Atcoampicine (280 LE), Flagymox (259 LE).
While, the lower veterinary office price of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study observed in drugs of Atcocolistan-600 (110 LE), Atcoleva (102 LE) and Atcodiazol (85 LE).
Also, the higher Veterinary office prices of growth promoters and other diseases used under the study observed in Atcobeet (178 LE), Atocef forte (136 LE) and the lower factory price observed in Magie oil (132 LE) and Magnafos (68 LE).
5-Our results on the prices of the drugs at the farm level cleared that, the farm prices of the respiratory diseases drugs the higher prices observed in D-Tylo (450 LE), Atoerytherin (440 LE), followed by Methoxi-tri (410 LE), Atospectin (370) while, the lower veterinary office price observed in Tilmicoral (290 LE), Spectal super-50 (230) and Atcotylan -100 (140 LE).
While, the higher farmer prices of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study observed in Florbiotic (400 LE), Amprotenila (350 LE), followed by Neocox (297 LE), Atcoampicine (330 LE), Flagymox (305 LE).
While, the lower farm price of digestive system diseases drugs used under the study observed in drugs of Atcocolistan-600 (130 LE), Atcoleva (120 LE) and Atcodiazol (100 LE).
The higher farm price of growth promoters and other diseases drugs used under the study observed in Atcobeet (210 LE), Atocef forte (160 LE) and the lower factory price observed in Magie oil (155 LE) and Magnafos (80 LE).
6-The results of the Marketing margin cleared that, the marketing margin of the respiratory diseases drugs showed that, the the higher prices observed in D-Tylo (450 LE), Atoerytherin (440 LE), followed by Methoxi-tri (410 LE), Atospectin (370) while, the lower veterinary office price observed in Tilmicoral (290 LE), Spectal super-50 (230) and Atcotylan -100 (140 LE).
While, the higher marketing margin of digestive system dioseases observed in Floribiotic (120 LE), Neocox (105 LE), Actoampicine 20 (99 LE) and the lower level of marketing margin observed in Atcodiazol (30 LE) and Atcoleva (36 LE).
Also, the marketing margin for growth promoters and other drugs was ranged from 24 LE for Magnafos to 63 LE for Atcobeet,
This results attributed to the differences in the method of sales and transportation, also, the location of the farmers and the types and severity of the diseases the drug taken against it.
7-Our results on the Percentage of the marketing margin of the respiratory diseases drugs from the factory price of the drugs cleared that, the marketing margin ranged from the higher level 42.87 % in spectal super-50 and 42.86 % for all other types of the drugs used under the study for the drugs methoxi-tri, Atcotylan-100, Atoerytherin, Tilmicoral, D-tylo and Atospectin.
While, in case of digestive system diseases The marketing margin ranged from the higher level 42.86 % in Bacitop, Atolinc400, Oxytal 925, Neomycan, Atcocolistan 600, Amprotenila, Biozuril 0.25, Atocox, Atcocure, Neocox, Floribiotc, Atothiacol, Atcomox, Atcoampicine 20, Atcodiazol and Atcoleva, while, it reached to 42.52 in flogymox, and 42.30 % in Atoproal plus.
In case of growth promoters and other drugs the percentage of marketing margin from the factory price reached to 42.50 % for Magic oil to 42.85 % in the drugs of Atocef forte , Magnafos , Atcobeet,
8-Our results on the Structure of marketing margin cleared that, the marketing margin of digestive system diseases drugs constituted about 30 % of the drug price,
The higher value of the marketing margin constituents observed in the value added at the farm as it ranged from 15 % to 15.22 % from the marketing margin for Atcotylan 100 , teoeryterin and Spectal super 50.
Followed by the value that added at transportation and the storage period as it ranged from 6.96 to 7.11. for Tilmicoral and D-Tylo, respectively.
While, the lower percentage of marketing margin constituents observed in whole sale costs that, ranged from 3.66 % to 3.91 % from the final drug costs at the farm level for the drugs methoxi-tri and spectal super-50 , respetively. Followed by the costs of veterinary office that ranged from 3.91 % to 4.15 % for Spectal-super and Atcotylerin-100, respectively.
Meanwhile, the Structure of marketing margin for digestive system diseases it ranged from 29.73 % for Atoproal plus, 29.84 % for Flagymox , while, in the drugs of Bacitop, Atolinc 400, Oxytal 925, Neomycan, Atcocolistan 600, Amprotenila, Biozuril 0.25, Atoproal plus, Atcocure, Neocox, Floribiotc, Atothiacol, Atcomox, Atcoampicine 20, Atcodiazol, Atcoleva reaced to 30 % of the drug price at the farm level for Atocox and Atcoleva,
The higher value of the marketing margin constituents observed in the value added at the farm as it ranged from 15 % for the drugs Atoline-400, Neomycin, Atocox, Florbiotic, Atothiacol, Atcomox, Atcodiazol, Atcoleva and it reached to a higher level in Amprotenila as it reached to 15.38 %.
Followed by the value that added at transportation and the storage period as it ranged from 6.67 in Atcoleva to 7.20 % in Bacitop.
While, the lower percentage of marketing margin constituents observed in whole sale costs that, ranged from 3.53 % for Atcocure to 4.44 % for Biozuril.
Meanwhile, the Structure of marketing margin of growth promoters and other drugs cleared that, the level of marketing reached to 29.68 % for Magic oil to 30 % in the drugs of Atocef forte , Magnafos , Atcobeet.
The higher percentage added at farm costs added ranged from 14.84 % for Magic oil, followed by 15 % in the Atocef Forte, Magnafos and the higher level observed in Atcobeet that reached to 15.24 %.
The value of transportation, storage and other payment added a percentage ranged from 6.45 % for Magic oil, 6.88 % for Atocefforte, 7.14 % for Atcobeet, Magnafos 7.50 %.
The value of whole sale costs that added to the drug costs reached to 3.75 % in Atocef forte, , 3.75 % for Magnafos, 3.81 % in Atcobeet and the higher level observed in Magic oil that reached to 3.87 %.
The value that added at veterinary office reached to 3.75 % for Magnafos, 3.81 % for Atcobeet, 4.38 % for Atcobeet forte, and Magic oil 4.52 %.
9-While, our results on correlation matrix cleared that, the results of correlation cleared that, there is a positive higher correlation between the marketing margin of the drugs and value that added at whole sale marketing (0.98). Marketing margin and value that added during transportation, storage and other payments (0.97) , marketing margin and the value that added at veterinary office (0.95).
10-Our results on Marketing margin cost function indicated that, the Logarithmic function indicated that, transportation, storage and other costs if increased by 10 % causes increasing the marketing margin by 14.40 % , whole salling and distribution costs if increased by 10 % increase the marketing margin by 1.50 % , increasing the veterinary office costs by 10 % increased the marketing margin by 4.6 % and increasing the farm costs by 10 % increased the marketing margin by 4.90 %.