الفهرس 
? Anatomical Review of the KidneysOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Nephropathy is now a worldwide public health problem with rising incidence, it’s important to periodically assess the renal function for early detection and proper management of the patients.
Serum markers as serum creatinine, BUN and e GFR only assess the global renal function.
Intravenous urography, Ultrasonography and Computed tomography provides renal anatomical data but very little functional information.
Renal scintigraphy provides excellent functional data, it can detect not only the global but also the individual/split GFR of each kidney, however this exam is very expensive, has low spatial resolution and utilizes ionizing radiation.
Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive modality characterize tissues based on Brownian motion of water molecules within them.
We found that the ADC values calculated in nephropathic kidneys were lower than that in normal kidneys, there was a strong negative correlation between average ADC and serum creatinine and a strong positive correlation between average ADC and both estimated and total GFR.
In case /control comparisons we found that the cut-off ADC value was ≤2.1 (x10-3 mm2/s) with Sensitivity = 100 % and Specificity = 46.7 %.
There is a strong positive correlation between the ADC values and split GFR. DWI has a potential value for evaluating individual renal function, simulating renal scintigraphy. DWI discriminates normal kidneys from moderate to severe nephropathic one. It can provide functional data that can be used in follow up to monitor disease progression avoiding ionizing radiation from repeated renal scintigraphy.