الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aquaculture continues to grow, with a gradual shift from traditional, low-cost semi-intensive systems to more professional and costly intensive systems. In the meantime, fisheries production has leveled off and reached its maximum potential, while the demand for seafood is increasing. Therefore, aquaculture has become one of the chief sources of fish for human nutrition. As a result, aquaculture production has sharply increased during the past few decades. The global production of aquaculture has jumped from 34,600,000 Metric tons (Mt) in 2001, representing only 27.6% of total fish production to reach 106,004,184 Mt in 2015, representing 53.07% of total fish production (199,741,129 Mt) (FAO, 2017). Consequently, fish consumption continues to increase all over the world (Hassan et al., 2013), especially in most developing countries where fish is a vital source of animal protein (Maclean, 2003).