الفهرس 
Introduction
Aim of the StudyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a common and serious mental disorder, associated with significant impairment in quality of life .Children with ADHD often experience problems with education, interaction with others and emotional disturbances. Families of ADHD children also suffer a significant burden, in terms of strain on relationships. (Sumich and Morgan, 2017). ADHD is affecting a large number of children that often lasts into adulthood, and is a chronic condition characterized by persistence of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development, whereas the common symptoms of the disease includes: short attention span, over activity, being impulsive and restlessness (Barzegary& Zamini ,2017)
ADHD can occur in children with any intellectual abilities and learning difficulties and may have problems such as sleep and anxiety disorders, additionally, ADHD causes problems in how well children do in school, in their ability to function in society and keep friends. Patients often describe treatment with stimulant medication as being ‘life changing’. Effective treatment decreases comorbidities, and improves quality of life. (Guidelines and resources for practice, 2018).
Aim of the study:-
The aim of the study was to identify the quality of life of children with ADHD.
Study design:
- A descriptive exploratory design was conducted.
Subjects and methods:
Setting:
The study was carried out in Psychiatric Institute Outpatient Ain Shams University Hospital (outpatient clinic of Okasha center for psychiatric Mental Health).
Sampling:
Purposive sampling was selected. All available children with ADHD at (outpatient clinic of Okasha center for psychiatric Mental Health). The total number of children with ADHD was 106 who agreed to participate in the study prior to any data collection.
Data collection tools:
Tools for collecting data of the present study were included the following:-
An Arabic questionnaire was developed by the researcher, after reviewing the related literature, it includes the following:
A-Socio demographic characteristics:
1-Socio demographic characteristics of the children understudy include age, gender, order in birth……etc.
2-Socio demographic characteristics of family of children with ADHD include residence, family income, marital status, family size, type of accompanying child.
3-Medical health history include, duration of illness , regular on medication ,follow up the doctor’s instructions , the child follow up at the outpatient clinics continuously, follow up numbers, follow up place nearing from the house, also outpatient clinics are comfortable ,and provide good treatment
B-Quality of life questionnaire
This questionnaire was performed by the researcher depend on literature reviewed to measure quality of life by asking questions in the questionnaire and it consists 57 items regarding quality of school life(18 sentences), quality of social life(8 sentences), quality of daily activities(13sentences), quality of health and the environment(10sentences), and quality of psychological life ( 14sentences).(63 sentences.
Pilot study
The aim of pilot study was to:
Identify any unexpected obstacles and problems
Test the tools and its applicability
Ensure the clarity of the assessment sheet
To estimate the time needed to fill the sheet
Pilot study was performed in May to October. The study tested 10% of the sample from above mentioned setting; it was conducted to evaluate the simplicity, practicability, legibility, understandability, feasibility, validity, and reliability of the tools, it was also used to find the possible problems that might face the researcher and interfere with data collection to estimate the time needed to fill in the sheets. Those who shared in the pilot study were excluded from the main study sample.
Results
• More than half (59.4 %) of the ADHD children under study had a poor total quality life
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of school life of ADHD children and their age, order of birth, and their educational level
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of school life and their father’s education, job, also with mother’s education, job, income of family, and type of caregiver accompanying children with p-value (<0.05), also family size with P-value ≤ 0.001 .Meanwhile there was no statistical significance of relation between socio demographic and quality of school life of ADHD children regarding their father’s age and mother’s age.
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of school life of ADHD children and regularity on medication, follow up doctor instruction , the child follow up at the outpatient clinics continuously and follow up numbers with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of social life of ADHD children and their order of birth, being in the school and regularity in the school with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of social life of ADHD children and their father’s age, father’s education, mother’s education and mother’s job, place of residence, and type of caregiver accompanying children with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of social life of ADHD children and, duration of illness, outpatient clinics are comfortable ,and provide good treatment ,and follow up numbers with p-value(<0.05).Also, follow up doctor instruction ,the child follow up at the outpatient clinics continuously with p-value ≤ 0.001
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of activities of ADHD children and their age of child, order of birth, being in the school and are regularity in the school with p-value (<0.05).of quality of health and the environment of ADHD children and their father’s education and mother’s education with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of daily activities of ADHD children and their father’s age, father’s education and father’s job ,place of residence ,and family income with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of daily activities of ADHD children and duration of illness, regular on medication, outpatient clinics are comfortable ,and provide good treatment and follow up numbers with p-value (<0.05).
• There were statistically significant relation between level of quality of health and the environment of ADHD children and there being in the school with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of health and the environment of ADHD children and their father’s education , mother’s education ,and type of caregiver accompanying children with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of health and the environment of ADHD children and duration of illness, outpatient clinics are comfortable, and provide good treatment with p-value (<0.05).
• There were statistically a significant relation between level of quality of psychological wellbeing of ADHD children and their age, gender and being in the school with p-value (<0.05).
• There were a statistically significant relation between level of quality of psychological wellbeing of ADHD children and their parent’s education, family income, and type of caregiver accompanying children with p-value (<0.05).
• There were statistically a significant relation between level of quality of psychological wellbeing of ADHD children and their regular on medication, outpatient clinics are comfortable ,and provide good treatment ,and the child follow up at the outpatient clinics continuously with p-value (<0.05).
• There were statistically a significant relation between level of total quality of life of children with ADHD and age, order of birth, being in the school and regular in the school with p-value (<0.05).
• There were statistically a significant relation between level of total quality of life of children with ADHD and father age, mother age , place of residence, and family income, with p-value (<0.05).Also, father’s education, mother education ,and type of caregiver accompanying children with P-value ≤ 0.001.
• There were statistically a significant relation between level of total quality of life of children with ADHD and duration of illness, regular on medication, and follow up place nearing from the house with p-vale (<0.05).Also, the child follow up at the outpatient clinics continuously with P-value ≤ 0.001
Conclusion:
The finding of the study could be summarized as follows:
Majority of ADHD children were males. More of ADHD children under study had a poor total quality life .There were statistically a significant relation between level of total quality of life of children with ADHD and age, order of birth, being in the school, regular in the school, place of residence, and family income, type of caregiver accompanying children, parent’s age, education, duration of illness, regular on medication, and follow up place nearing from the house, and the child follow up at the outpatient clinics continuously.
According to the findings it is recommended that:
• Apply and implement awareness program of health education for ADHD children at outpatient clinics to improve quality of life.
• Encourage educational program for school teachers about how to deal with ADHD children because it really in need.
• Establish continuing training courses for nurses to demonstrate nursing interventions with children with ADHD.
• Raising the awareness of parent of children with ADHD which minimize the possible negative impact of the disease on the child.
• Screening those with ADHD for particular diseases systematically.
• Further researches are needed for ongoing assessment of ADHD children and quality of life domains.
• Collaboration between Ministry of Health and Population and Ministry of Social Affairs to help and support families with ADHD child through saving money, drugs, and home health care facilities aid.