الفهرس 
Anatomy of Brachial PlexusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: The control of postoperative pain is still a challenging issue for anesthiologists with a variety of unwanted post-operative consequences, including patient suffering, distress, myocardial ischemia and prolonged hospital stay.
Aim of this Work: was to compare the effects of adding 0.75 micro-gram per kilogram body weight of dexmedetomidine to 0.5% bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided infraclavicular nerve block, as regards the onset and the duration of the sensory and motor block, and the duration of post-operative analgesia and their effect on reduction of the post-operative analgesic requirement, as well as monitoring the occurrence of any complication.
Patients and Methods: In our study, 60 patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; group A (control group): 30 patients received a total volume of 31 ml, 30 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% and 1 ml of normal saline. group B (Dexmedetomidine group): 30 patients received a total volume of 31 ml, 30 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% added to 0.75 micrograms per kilogram body weight of dexmedetomidine (1 ml of commercially available drug form).
Results: Addition of a 0.75 µg/Kg of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided infraclavicular nerve block in forearm surgery shortens the onset times of sensory block and motor block and significantly prolongs their duration and decreases the amount of total post-operative analgesic requirements in comparison to use of 0.5% bupivacaine alone. Also dexmedetomidine had the adverse effect of somnolence which was not recorded in bupivacaine only group.
Conclusion: Addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine prolonged the analgesia of brachial plexus block as well as postoperative analgesia with subsequent consumption of less amount of analgesics.