الفهرس 
Prenatal DepressionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Depression is a common mental illness that ranked the
third most prevalent moderate and severely disabling
condition globally by the World Health Organization. Many
women, particularly those living in poverty or already with
dependent children, may view pregnancy with negative
feelings. Issues or memories surrounding poor parenting or
abuse women have suffered may reassert themselves and
cause distress.
The study aimed to assess prenatal screening for risk
factors of depression during pregnancy.
The study design was a descriptive study it conducted at
the prenatal clinic at Ain Shams University Maternity
Hospital. Data collected started from first March 2019 to the
end of May 2019. A purposive sample was used, the sample
was 500 pregnant women. Inclusion Criteria included the
pregnant women through all periods of pregnancy free from
any previous history of psychological problems.
Tools of Data Collection:
Two tools of data collection were used:
A Structured Interview Questionnaire Sheet to assess the
general characteristics of the study sample included age,
Summary
103
education level, occupation, and place of residence. The
Obstetrical & Gynecological history of the study sample
included previous pregnancy, delivery, pregnancy
complications, and previous delivery complications, in
which trimester and medical problems during pregnancy; it
had involved information about present pregnancy as
gestational age; any complications with a current pregnancy.
Morevere psychological family history such as the
presence of psychiatric disease of any member in the family,
assess medical-surgical histories such as the presence of
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and anemia. Also assess
psychological histories such as the presence of anxiety and
depression, assess risk factors leading to prenatal depression
such as the presence of marital problems, family problems,
work, and health problems. Besides Edinburgh prenatal
Depression Scale: it was adapted from Mohamed et al.,
(2017); it wasused to assess women at risk for perinatal
depression. It was a 10-items self-report scale assessing
symptoms of depression.
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Results:
45% of the studied women their age ranged between 25 to
30 years
66.4% of the studied women had not enough family
income.
52.8% of the studied women were working
66% had un desired baby sex.
60.8% of the studied women were in third trimester during
current pregnancy.
53.6% un planned for the current pregnancy.
86.9% of the studied women delivered normally.
40.4% of the studied women had marital problems during
current pregnancy.
39.3% of the studied women had economic problems.
78.3% of the studied women did not receive support during
psychological stress.
21.6% of the studied women had a family history
of psychological problems
38.9% had a history of psychological problems among their
sister.
85.6% exposed to psychological stress during the current
pregnancy.
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38.8% of the studied women had possible depression
There were highly statistically significant relations between
the residence, occupation, family income of studied
women, and their level of depression respectively (p-value
<0. 01).
there were insignificant relations between the age,
education, of studied women, and their level of depression
respectively (p-value > 0.05).
There were highly statistically significant relations between
the number of gravidae, number of delivery, number
of children, baby problems during a previous pregnancy,
type of previous delivery, physical problems during
previous delivery & baby problems after previous delivery
of studied women and their level of depression respectively
(p-value <0.01).
There were statistically insignificant relations between the
duration of the current pregnancy of studied women and
their level of depression respectively (p-value >0.05).
There were highly significant relations between the planned
pregnancy, physical problems during the current
pregnancy & impact of the pregnancy on the work of
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106
studied women, and their level of depression respectively
(p-value < 0.01).
Conclusion:
Based on the study finding it concluded that less than
one-quarter of the studied women had a family history
of psychological problems. Two-third of them were
exposed to psychological stress during current pregnancy and
more than two-thirds of them did not receive support, near to
half had marital problems. In addition, more than one-third of
the studied women had possible depression. The current
study revealed that statistically significant relations between
the occupation, family income of studied women, and their
level of depression respectively. Meanwhile, there were
highly statistically significant relations between the number
of pregnancy, number of delivery, number of children, baby
problems during a previous pregnancy, type of previous
delivery, baby problems after previous delivery of studied
women and their level of depression. Finally, there was a
highly significant relationship between the planned
pregnancy, physical problems during the current pregnancy
& impact of the pregnancy on the work of studied women,
and their level of depression.
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Recommendations:
Based upon the results of the current study the
following recommendations are suggested:
Each pregnant woman should be screened at least three
times for depression before childbirth, with one screening
in each trimester.
Early registration for prenatal care especially in the first
trimester should be encouraged since prenatal depression
peaks in the first trimester.
Government and hospital management should introduce
screening for depression as part of routine prenatal
assessments in both public and private health facilities.
Community awareness campaigns should be embarked on
by the state public health sector to educate the society on
prenatal depression and its associated risk factors, dangers
associated with untreated depression, and the need to get
prompt help.
Conduct research on wider scale for estimating prevelance
of prenatal depression on community based.