الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Toxicological studies were carried out for evaluating the efficacy of
some insecticides from different groups incorporated in sand soil with
serial concentrations of each against the laboratory strain of the
Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied) .The results cleared that
the biological insecticide, effective microorganisms (EMS) recorded the
highest toxicity; whereas the entomopathogenic bacteria, bio-tect was the
least toxicity one against the tested pest. Based on the persistence of the
tested insecticides, the practical concentrations of these toxicants included
malathion H, entomopathogenic fungi, bio-power and bio-magic.
Entomopathogenic bacteria, bio-tect and the effective microorganisms
(EMS) were 4000, 40000, 40000, 40000 and 4000 ppm ; respectively .
Monitoring resistance levels in field strains of Ceratitis capitate flies
collected from different Governorates , i .e. Sharkia, Gharbia, Behera and
Kafrel-sheikh showed by using discriminating concentrations (LC99
values) of malathion H used previously against the baseline laboratory
strain caused mortality rates of 34.50, 45.50, 50 and 44.5 % in the these
field strains.
The corresponding resistance percentages were 65.15, 54.04, 49.49
and 55.05% ; respectively .
The results of the present investigation revealed that the acetyl
cholinesterase, β-non-specific esterases, alkaline phosphatase and mixed
function oxidases activity in the different tested field strains were higher
that the corresponding levels of the baseline laboratory strain. The highest
levels of these enzymes activity were occurred in sharkia strain, whereas
the least levels of the enzymes activity were presented in behera strain.