الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute, major, life-threatening complication of diabetes, may be fatal if not treated quickly and appropriately. Patients’ knowledge and practice play important roles in decreasing morbidity and mortality secondary to diabetic ketoacidosis. Despite advancements in self-care of patients with diabetes, DKA accounts for 14% of all hospital admissions of patients with diabetes and 16% of all diabetes related fatalities. DKA frequently observed during the diagnosis of type1 diabetes and often indicates this diagnosis (Rewers, 2017).
The aim of this study was; To assess patients’ knowledge & risk factors for diabetic ketoacidosis among diabetic patients.
To accomplish this aim; A case - control retrospective study design was utilized in the study. A total of 160 adult diabetic patients divided into cases & control (80 for each)
Inclusion criteria:
Cases: Eighty patients who were diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis, age ranged from 18 to 65 years old, type I or type II diabetes mellitus, and admitted to the emergency medical unit or internal medical department at Sohag University Hospital.
Control: Eighty patients who attended to the Outpatient Clinics of diabetes at Suhag University Hospital, type I or type II diabetes mellitus, and weren’t exposed previously or currently to DKA but matched for age and sex with cases.
Exclusion criteria:
Patient or Patients’ family members who refused to participate in the study were excluded.
The following tools were utilized for data collection:
Tool I: Patient interview questionnaire sheet: It was developed by researcher based on national and international literature review to assess patients’ knowledge about DKA.
Tool II: Patient assessment sheet for diabetic ketoacidosis: It was developed by researcher based on national and international literature review to assess risk factors for DKA.
The main findings of the current study can be summarized as:
According to the demographic characteristics of the studied patient 50% of the cases group their age was ≥ 50 years, the mean age of them 52.37±2.09 year. While 55% of the control group their age was ≥ 50 years, the mean age of them 53.71±7.71 year. As regard to sex and marital status, 60% and 75% of the cases group were male and married, respectively. Also 62.5% and 77.5% of the control group were male and married, respectively.
According to total knowledge about diabetic ketoacidosis, 60% of the cases group had unsatisfactory level of knowledge. While 80% of the control group had unsatisfactory level of knowledge.
According to risk factors; it was found that four independent variables were strongly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. Increase patients’ age (per 5-year) increased the odds of developing DKA by one time. Individuals with DKA are (7.85) times more likely to be exposed to infection than those without DKA. Individuals with DKA are (5.57) times more likely to be exposed to dehydration than those without DKA, and individuals with DKA are (10.33) times more likely to be exposed to Poor compliance with treatment than those without DKA.
According to relation between cases group characteristics and type of diabetes there was statistically significant relation between cases patients age and number of previous hospital admission with DKA and their type of diabetes at (P= < 0.05).
Regarding to relations between control group characteristics and type of diabetes there was statistically significant relation between control patients age and their type of diabetes at (P= < 0.05).