الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Belt skimmers are one of the most widely used techniques in oil-spill recovery for environmental and economic reasons. This thesis studies the effect of rectangular pyramid-shaped artificial surface roughness and the addition of side leakage preventers on the Oil Recovery Rate (ORR) of belt skimmers. The effect of both modifications was studied individually, then their combined effect was examined. The study was performed experimentally with belt inclination angle to horizontal plane ranging from 30° to 90° and belt linear speed ranging from 39 mm/s to 160 mm/s for different oil properties. The addition of rectangular pyramid shaped roughness to ordinary type belts resulted in a maximum ORR increase up to 43% at a belt linear speed 108 mm/s and inclination angle 45o . Also, a maximum increase in ORR of 123% was found for the smooth belt when using the side leakage preventers at a belt linear speed of 160 mm/s and inclination angle 45o . The combined effect of both the enhancement parameters gave a maximum ORR percentage increase of 106% at belt linear speed of 56 mm/s and an inclination angle 90°. A comparison between different theoretical models and the present experimental data was performed to select the most appropriate model to predict the ORR of belt skimmers under the different operating conditions