الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigation of the different resistance categories (MDR, XDR and PDR) by using antimicrobial susceptibility test against different antimicrobial agents of E. coli isolates. In addition, different resistance enzymes and different resistance encoding genes including beta lactamases, quinolones and colistin were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, different virulence factors were tested by different phenotypic tests in addition to detection of different virulence factors and toxins encoding genes and their relation to different resistance categories and different phylogenetic groups and seropathotypes. Multiplex PCR was conducted for detection of the three integrons classes among E. coli isolates and Gene sequencing was performed on amplified variable regions of 9 isolates selected randomly in which each representing a unique pattern showed 12 different cassette genes. Additionally, ERIC-PCR method was used for rapid typing of strains to study the molecular characterization and epidemiology of E. coli. ERIC-PCR typing method showed complex patterns for the 150 isolates. MLST technique was performed on the XDR isolates, in which four XDR isolates (X2, X3, X4, and, X5) fell into three different sequence types.