الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This work was performed to study the epidemiology of Rotavirus in neonatal calves and young children in Assiut governorate by detection of virus in the collected samples using immunochromatographic assay (ICG), evaluation of ICG sensitivity in comparison to ELISA and RT-PCR. Also, detection of the nosocomial infection in AUCH and human hands as well as environmental contamination by RT-PCR.
In this study, fecal samples were collected from 100 calves {faculty of agriculture farm (4), Abnoub El-Hamam farm (33), Bani-Sanad farm (32) and Bani-Mor farm (21), veterinary convoys (5) and Veterinary Teaching Hospital (5), faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University} from Assiut governorate. Age of these calves ranged from 0 - >12 weeks. Prevalence of Rotavirus was 18% (18/100) by ICG and the positive ICG samples were tested by ELISA (50% of 9/18 of ICG positive samples were positive). In addition, 55.6% (5/9) of ELISA positive samples were positive by RT-PCR. The highest rate of Rotavirus infection was detected in Abnoub El-Hamam farm {36.4% (12/33)}. There was no significance variation between age of examined calves and Rotavirus infection and Rotavirus was detected mostly in 0-4 weeks of age {25.6% (10/39)}. Cow calves were more susceptible {30.2% (13/43)} than buffalo calves {8.8% (5/57)} to Rotavirus infection with statistically significant difference between species. In addition, there was significant difference between different calve’s breeds and Frisian breed recording the highest incidence of infection {34.2 % (13/38)}. Male calves were likely to be infected by Rotavirus {21.1% (12/57)} than female calves {14% (6/43)} with no significant difference between the two sexes. The infection rate of Rotavirus was higher in claves with diarrheic signs {20% (15/75)} than apparently healthy {12% (3/25)} with non-significant differences. However, the difference between vaccinated calves and non-vaccinated was statistically highly significant and the vaccinated calves were detected to be more infected {42.5% (17/40)} than non-vaccinated calves {1.7% (1/60)}.
In this study fecal samples were collected from 100 hospitalized children in AUCH from children with gastroenteritis symptoms and other children with non-related gastroenteritis symptoms. Age of these children was between <1-5 years. The prevalence rate of Rotavirus in young children by ICG was 45% (45/100). The positive ICG samples were tested by ELISA (46.7% (21/45) of samples were positive). In addition 81% (17/21) of ELISA positive samples were positive by RT-PCR. According to location, Abu-Teg center recorded 100% (5/5) infectivity for the Rotavirus. The highest infection rate was detected in children who admitted to AUCH for hepatic disorders {58.3% (7/12)}, with no significant value. Children less than 1 year were highly susceptible to Rotavirus infection {51.6% (33/64)} with non-significant differences. Female children were more susceptible to Rotavirus infection {46.3% (19/41)} than males {44.1% (26/59)} and there was no significant difference between the two genders. The highest occurrence of Rotavirus was detected in children who were in contact with cows and buffalo {57.9% (11/19)} with no significant value. There is no significant differences between types of feeds {artificial, breast, mixed and weaned} but the lowest rate of infection reported in weaned children {23.6% (4/17)}. Regarding to residence, the highest occurrence rate of Rotavirus was reported in rural regions {45.9% (39/85)} than urban {40% (6/15)}, with non-significant value. Symptomatic Rotavirus infection was higher (48.5%) than asymptomatic infection 38.2% with no significant difference. Nosocomial infection was 41.7% (15/36) in children who admitted to AUCH for non-gastroenteritis causes, and Rotavirus was detected in 33.3% (10/30) of collected environmental and hands swabs. RT-PCR and ELISA (73.3% of 21/30 and 47.6% of 30/63, respectively) were more sensitive in detection of Rotavirus infection than ICG {31.5% (63/200)} in total number of examined fecal samples.