الفهرس 
Title pageOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 102 |  |  |
| | | from | 102 | | |
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem as it represents over 9% of all cancer incidence. It is the third most commonly occurring cancer in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths. So, there is a critical need to search for the molecular mechanisms of CRC and identify new biomarkers for early diagnosis and target therapy.
Forkhead box protein M1 transcription factor is overexpressed in various tumor cells. Abnormal upregulation was found in a many of human cancers as brain, lung, liver, breast, prostate, colon, and cervical cancer.
Also, overexpression of FOXM1 was associated with worse prognosis and disease progression in various types of human cancers. Yet, its function and expression in patients with CRC, are still unknown.
This study aims to explore and validate the expression of FOXM1 in colorectal carcinoma and adenomatous polyps, and correlation of the results with clinicopathological parameters.
FOXM1 immunohistochemical expression was studied by using sixty cases of colonic specimens divided into three groups: I: 20 cases of colonoscopically resected adenomatous polyps, II: 30 cases of surgically resected colectomy specimens and III: 10 cases of normal colonic mucosa from colectomy specimens.
Results were correlated with several clinicopathological parameters including age, gender, mass size, site, histopathological grade or degree of differentiation, TNM stage, lympho-vascular invasion, tumour necrosis and lymph node metastasis.
Immune histochemical expression of FOXM1 was significantly increased in cases with colorectal adenocarcinoma comparing to colorectal adenomas (p=0.049 )and normal colonic tissue. The expression of FoxM1 was found to be significantly associated with clinical parameters such as younger age (p = 0.023) and pathological parameters as larger tumour size (p= 0.029), poor degree of differentiation (p = 0.040), TNM stage (p=<0.001), tumour necrosis ( p= 0.042), lymph node metastasis (p<0.001) but was not associated with sex, site , shape of the lesion or vascular invasion.