الفهرس 
Anatomy of the urinary bladder
Urinary bladder injuryOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The urinary bladder is a muscular, hollow organ present deep in the
bony pelvis that protects it from external trauma. The Bladder injury causes are high-energy blunt trauma that disrupts the bony pelvis, a direct blow to a full bladder, penetrating injuries, or iatrogenic trauma. (1,2) Urinary bladder injuries can be classified basically into extraperitoneal
and intra-peritoneal injuries. (3)
Almost half of bladder injuries are iatrogenic in origin. The highest incidence of iatrogenic bladder trauma occurs with gynaecological surgeries.(4,5) Also some urological procedures can be associated with bladder injuries as incontinence repair, TURP and TURBT. (6,7) Traumatic bladder ruptures are most frequently seen in poly-trauma patients with blunt injuries. The severity of bladder injury is commonly directly related to the degree of bladder distention at the impact time. (8) Isolated urinary bladder injury is not commonly associated with long term morbidity or mortality so, when diagnosis of bladder injury is prompt and treatment coordinated with the other possible injuries, complications from bladder injuries are uncommon. Complications arise almost always
when the diagnosis is delayed. (1) Clinically, the hallmark for vesical injury is gross hematuria specially if the patient has painful and tender suprapubic area and difficulty or failure to micturate. All these manifestations indicate imaging. However, in cases of microscopic hematuria some authors do not recommend unnecessary imaging. (9)