الفهرس 
Topography and PhysiographyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) is widely considered as a crustal block of juvenile Neoproterozoic rocks in northeast Africa and the western Arabian Peninsula (Fig. 1-1). The ANS has been geologically investigated for many decades from prior to the development of plate tectonics (Abdel Rahman et al., 2019). The ANS formed over a period of about 450 million years, between 1000 Ma and 530 Ma, and its growth reflects complex crustal evolution as part of the Rodinia–Gondwana supercontinent (Abdel Salam and Dawoud, 1991). During the last-decades, interpretations of the ANS expanded from a simple inference of a single subduction zone across the entire region to the recognition of multiple island arcs of different ages (Abdel Salam and Stern, 1993; Abdel Salam et al., 1998 and 2002; Johnson et al., 2011). Cratonization involving crustal thickening and metamorphism of accreted arcs; mantle delamination; asthenosphere upwelling and crustal melting; emplacement of an exceptional suite of calc alkaline to alkaline and A-type granites reflecting late- to post-tectonic and post-collisional settings (Abu El Ela et al., 2002).