الفهرس 
Title : Prevalence of Oral Manifestations of Iron Deficiency Anemia in A Sample of Egyptian Population, Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional
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Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a decrease in the total hemoglobin levels caused by a lack of sufficient iron.The oral changes are among the most frequent and important sign and symptoms of IDA. Thus dentists can play an important role in identification and hence management of IDA as oral manifestation may be the earliest feature of the condition. The primary outcome of the current cross-sectional hospital-based study was to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations at different Hb levels, among a sample of Egyptian patients with IDA attending the Hematology Department in Kasr Al Ainy hospital. A total of 180 consecutive patients (174 females and 6 males, aged between 15 to 62 years) were included in this study.They were diagnosed with IDA, according to theirHb, ferritin and serum iron records. In the present study patients suffering from any other systemic diseases known to influence oral and maxillofacial manifestations were excluded. Patients suffering from any other systemic diseases known to cause IDA as secondary condition were excluded, patients on drug therapy that may have oral mucosal manifestations, lesions due to existing local factors for example traumatic ulcer on the tongue because of sharp tooth against tongue, angular cheilitis because of poor denture design, and also patients with malignancy, were excluded. For each eligible participant, a full history was obtained according to an assessment sheet; patients were asked about their medical history, diet, previous and recent medication, previous operations, abnormal bleeding history, and previous care regarding sore mouth. The history taken from patients was followed by clinical examination which was done through an interview between the investigator and the patient. Patients were clinically examined to determine if they had any generalized symptoms and signs of anemia such as weakness, tiredness, exertional dyspnea, pallor, tachycardia, and postural hypotension; (examination of generalized symptoms and signs was done by the hematologist in the presence of investigator)ذ