الفهرس 
Effect of walking on premenstrual syndrome
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Abstract
Purpose: to investigate the effect of walking on physiological stress in premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Subjects: Thirty females with PMS were randomly distributed into two groups equal in number. group (A) received breathing exercises for 8 weeks, while group (B) received the same breathing exercises in addition to walking on a treadmill for 8 weeks. Material and Methods: The outcome measures were serum cortisol levels, resting heart rate (HR) and resting respiratory rate (RR) to evaluate the level of physiological stress; daily record of severity of problems (DRSP) to evaluate the severity of PMS symptoms; and visual analogue scale (VAS) to evaluate abdominal pain intensity.The outcome measures were evaluated pre-treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment. Results: Comparing both groups post-treatment revealed non-significant differences in serum cortisol levels, resting HR and DRSP (P>0.05), while there were significant reductions in both resting RR and abdominal pain VAS (P<0.05) in favour of group (B). The percentages of improvement post-treatment in serum cortisol levels, resting HR, resting RR, DRSP and abdominal pain VAS were 16.05%, 2.92%, 5.19%, 29.73% and 25.84%, respectively in group (A), while they were 25.09%, 7.05%, 15.69%, 31.43% and 55.30%, respectively in group (B)