الفهرس 
An analytical method for efficiency calibration of gamma ray detectors
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Abstract
In this work, a hybrid analytical-numerical method is proposed to determine the total and peak efficiencies of a NaI bare crystal viewing different Þ-ray sources of various forms including, point, line, disk, and cylindrical in the energy range 48-2040 keV. In the case of the point source, the efficiency is calculated at all possible source locations with respect to the detector while, co-axial S-D configuration is considered in case of line, disk, and cylindrical source forms and at a maximum Source-to-Detector (S-D) distance of 50 cm. The method combines an analytical formula used for total efficiency calculation with numerically calculated Peak-to-Total (P/T) ratios.The FEPE (Full energy Peak Efficiency) is calculated by integrating the combined analytical formula. Computer code is written using the C programming language to solve the integration using Simpson’s rule. The calculated values of the total and peak efficiencies are found to be in good agreement with these calculated using the Monte Carlo (MC) method with a maximum relative difference of about 1% and 3.5%, respectively. The main advantage of the proposed method is the extremely reduced runtime of calculation in comparison with the MC method