الفهرس 
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Abstract
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate: I) The effects of garlic and ginger oils on growth performance, behaviour, and water quality, II) The effects of magnetized water on growth performance, behaviour of Nile tilapia fish and water quality, III) Behavioural responses of hypoxic stressed Nile tilapia fish under various management practices as effect of supplemented phytoadditives and effect of magnetized water. In the first experiment, fish were classified into six groups. The control group was fed on a basal diet, the 2nd, 3rd groups were fed on 0.5 %, 1 % garlic oil; the 4th, 5th groups were fed on 0.5 %, 1 % ginger oil, and the 6th group fed on mixture of 0.5 % garlic and 0.5 % ginger oils. After 6 weeks, the fish of 0.5% garlic oil group showed the highest overall body weight, and weight gain than those of fish of 1% garlic oil group. Fish supplemented with garlic and ginger oils showed high comfort behavioural activities with lower foraging and aggressive behaviours than the control group. Ammonia and turbidity were decreased significantly treated groups. Fish that was fed of 0.5% of garlic and ginger oils had higher total protein and globulin with lower A/G ratio than fish in the control and 0.5% garlic oil groups. Fish of 0.5% ginger oil and 0.5% garlic plus 0.5% ginger oils groups had higher glutathione reductase than fish in the control group.
In the second experiment, forty-eight Nile tilapia fish were classified into two groups. G1: fish raised in non-magnetized water (control). G2: fish raised in magnetized water. Results revealed that body weight, and weight gain of fish were significantly increased under the use of water magnetization. Magnetized water fish showed high comfort behavioural activities such as resting and schooling with low surfacing and elimination. Water magnetization significantly improved the dissolved oxygen and, reduced pH, ammonia, turbidity. Magnetized water fish showed higher globulin with a lower A/G ratio and glutathione reductase compared to the control fish.
In the third experiment, ninety-six of juvenile tilapia fish were divided into 8 groups. In the first part of experiment, fish were fed garlic oil (0.5% or 1%), ginger oil (0.5% or 1%) and mixed garlic and ginger oils (0.5+0.5%) for 4 weeks, the sixth group was kept as control. In the second part of experiment, two groups of fish were kept for 4 weeks in magnetized water and normal water. All treated and control groups were exposed to hypoxia stress. It’s concluded that, adding 0.5 % garlic oil to fish diets increased their growth performance; while a combination of 0.5 % garlic and 0.5 % ginger oils enhanced the immunity and antioxidant activity of fish, increasing their resistance to hypoxic stress. Using magnetized water resulted in better growth, improved fish behaviour, and water quality parameters, as well as increased resistance to hypoxia in Nile tilapia fish.
Keywords: Garlic oil, ginger oil, magnetized water, Nile tilapia, hypoxia stress.