الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Infertility is defined as a couple’s inability to conceive following 1 year of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. It affects 8-10 % of couples all over the world. Infertility could be either primary or secondary. The male factor is responsible for 20-40% of cases.
Male infertility causes are classified into pre-testicular, testicular, and post-testicular. Testicular causes are SCO, MA, hypospermatogenesis, tubular hyalinization and others such as orchitis, testicular torsion and trauma.
Azoospermia is defined as complete absence of sperm in ejaculate. The initial diagnosis is made when there is no sperm in deposit of 2 separate centrifuged semen samples 2 to 4 weeks apart.
Azoospermia is classified into obstructive and non-obstructive, in obstructive cases there is obstruction of seminal ducts but spermatogenesis is normal, while in non-obstructive cases there is defective spermatogenesis.
This study was aimed at to evaluating expression levels of miRNAs 210 and miRNA 34c5-p in seminal plasma of patients with idiopathic NOA compared to their fertile counterparts and their correlation with testicular biopsy results.
This study was conducted on 80 male individuals and were be categorized into 2 groups:
group A: Included 40 infertile adult male patients with NOA.
group B: The control group included 40 fertile adult males who fathered children in the previous 2 years and have normal semen parameters by CASA.
All patients were subjected to history taking, semen analysis, serum FSH, LH, free testosterone and testosterone level measurement, seminal quantitative fructose level, testicular biopsy and miRNA 210 and 34c-5p expression levels in seminal plasma.
Five histopathologic patterns were recognized in testicular biopsy of patients: hypospermatogenesis was 52.5%, MA was 17.5%, SCO was 15%, tubular hyalinization was 10% and mixed type (MA/Tubular hyalinization) was 5%.
No statistically significant difference existed between the testosterone levels of the two groups (p =0.129).
A statistically significant difference existed between FSH levels of the two groups (p =0.001).
There was statistically significant difference between LH levels of the two groups (p =0.041)
There was statistically significant difference between free testosterone levels of the two groups (p =0.001)
The expression of miRNA 34c-5p and miRNA 210 were down regulated in seminal plasma of NOA.
The miRNA 34c-5p showed a statistically significant positive correlation with free testosterone levels in NOA patients.
No statistically significant difference existed between miRNA 34c-5p and miRNA 210 expression levels in different types of testicular biopsy.
A statistically significant difference existed between testosterone, FSH, LH, free testosterone levels and different types of testicular biopsies