الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease in childhood which is a metabolic change characterized by the presence of chronic hyperglycemia. Type 1 diabetes is known to be associated with an increased risk of mortality compared with that for the general population. Type 1 diabetes leads to hyperglycemia, which is linked to a number of acute (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis) and chronic complications (e.g., diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease). Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with both environmental and genetic susceptibility.
Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs) are brain responses induced by the presence of auditory stimuli. Cortical auditory evoked potentials (P1-N1-P2-N2) are obligatory evoked potentials because they are primarily determined by the physical properties of the stimulus. They are affected by both arousal level and attention. Therefore, they should be recorded when the subject is awake and alert.
P300 is a late positive endogenous component of ERPs. It is a single, large and positive peak which occurs at a latency of approximately 300ms post-stimulus (Ferrar et all., 1994). P300 occurs in response to unexpected task dependent stimuli presented randomly within the context of expected stimuli (Downs et al., 2001).
The aim of this work is to evaluate the cognitive impairment in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus by using event related potentials (P300), assess cortical evoked potentials in children with type 1DM and correlate the effect of proper control of diabetes mellitus and cognitive functions.
This study was carried out on 100 children. Their age range was 7-18 years. Those children were divided into two groups: 50 children with normal peripheral hearing (control group) and 50 children with type I DM (study group).