الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Andropause in men involves a lot of functional and structural changes in the body organs and systems. The most common physical symptoms include joint pain, muscular ache, decline in their feeling of well being, excessive sweating and hot flushes, as well as obesity. The psychological symptoms are localized in depressive mood, feeling burnt out and having hit rock-bottom. The sexual symptoms include decrease erections and decrease in sexual desire or libido. All these may eventually affect negatively the self-care capacity of men, and lead to severe psychological and social isolation and change in quality of life. Lack of andropausal awareness, source of health education and increased men’s tolerance according to gender socialization lead men not seek help and not express their suffering (Delev, 2009).
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of andropause on men’s health living.
Research questions:
1- Are men aware about symptoms of andropause period?
2- What are the factors that affect men health during andropause period?
Research setting:
The study was conducted in different administrative departments of Ain Shams University (student affairs, public relations, youth welfare, graduate studies, personnel administration, and library).
Research subjects:
The type of study sample was a convenient (purposive) sample, that consisted of 236 administrative, employees, and clerical men, representing all men with the andropausal period in the pre-mentioned faculties of Ain Shams University with inclusion criteria: married, their age ranged between 45 to 60 years, and exclusion criteria: widower and divorced men. from the total sample 236 men were excluded 36 men due to: 10 men were included in the pilot study, 14 men refusal to cooperate and 12 men were excluded due to incomplete data collection. The final sample included in study was 200 men.
Tools for data collection:
Two tools were used for data collection
First tool:
- Self administered questionnaire used to assess the following:
Part I:
a) Socio-demographic data that include: personal data such as: age, educational level, and family size etc.
b) Past and present health history of diseases such as: diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, liver disease, osteoporosis, etc.
Part II:
c) Men life style as regards smoking, sleeping pattern, diet consumption, exercise and stress.
d) Men awareness toward andropause period.
e) Aging Male’s Symptoms Scale to assess symptoms of aging.
f) Men Psychological condition regarding self-esteem.
Second tool:
- Physical examination sheet as regards weight, height, BMI, blood pressure, vision and hearing, as manifestation of aging.
The finding of the present study could be summarized as follows:
More than two thirds of andropause men had poor awareness regarding andropausal transition. Meanwhile in concern to factors affecting andropausal men’s health living, statistically significant associations were detected between men’s age, awareness, monthly income, level of education, poor self-esteem, unhealthy life style, aging males symptoms and chronic diseases.
The findings of the present study, suggested the following recommendations:
• The establishment of a climacteric clinic to provide health education and counseling to men in andropause transition about suspected changes and risk factors.
• The accessibility of a specific booklet in health care settings that provides an explanation about andropause period, physical and psychological changes that occur and self-care management.
• Motivate andropausal men to perform periodical physical examination as testicular self examination, sigmoidscopy and screening tests for early detection of diseases.