الفهرس 
A study of cytotoxic effect of polymer abutment materials on human gingival fibroblasts
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Abstract
Objective The present study{u2019}s aim was to test the proliferation and adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts to different polymer dental implant-abutment materials including polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and hydroxyapatite reinforced polyetheretherketone (HA-PEEK) in comparisons to conventional abutment materials as titanium (Ti). Materials and methods 40 specimens per group were prepared with the dimension of 10 mm (length){u00D7}10 mm (width){u00D7}1 mm (height) per specimen. Wettability properties of the materials were assessed by water contact angle measurement (after the adjustment of their surface roughness). Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) proliferation was assessed using proliferation assay after 24 hours and 72 hours cell culture. While, cell adhesion strength was evaluated after 24 hours of cell culture by applying lateral shear forces in the form of two shaking intensities 320 and 560 rpm. Moreover, attachment capability of HGFs was qualitatively tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 3, 24 and 72 hours cell culture