الفهرس 
The relationship between neck pain and head posture
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Abstract
Background: Forward head posture (FHP) is the most common cervical postural fault in the sagittal plane, that is found with different severity in almost all populations. Despite claims that FHP may be related to neck pain, this relation seems to be controversial. Objectives: To determine whether FHP differs between neck pain and asymptomatic subjects and to investigate if there is a relationship between head posture and neck pain. also if the age factor is affecting this relation or not. Methods: Studies from 2009 to 2018 were identified by an electronic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE / PubMed, CINAHL, PEDro and Cochrane databases. Two researchers independently screened, search results and extracted data, and 3 researchers assessed the quality of the included studies using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) instrument. We used the random-effects model in all analyses for comparative and correlative meta-analyses. Results: A total of 15 cross-sectional studies were eligible for inclusion. Ten studies compared FHP between a group of participants with neck pain and a group of asymptomatic participants. For adults the overall mean difference (MD) was 4.84, (95% CI=0.14, 9.54) indicating a significant between group difference, contrary to adolescent (MD= -1.05, 95% CI= -4.23, 2.12). Eight studies showed significant negative correlations between FHP and neck pain intensity (r = -0.55, 95%CI= -0.69, -0.36) as well as disability (r= -0.42, 95%CI=-0.54, -0.28) in adults and older adults while in adolescent only lifetime prevalence and doctor visits due to neck pain were significant predictors for FHP