الفهرس 
RespirationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Buthidae family is a scorpion family distributed throughout the world, especially in North Africa. The individual and geographical variability of this family members is associated with evolutional genetic development reflected in their venoms even in the same species. Intragenic differences can be a result of genetic and environmental factors. DNA barcoding is a system that, based on the conserved DNA sequences, helps in differentiating the different species and same species in different habitat. The present study aimed to use the mitochondrial genome to retrieve novel molecular information about the taxonomic status of Androctonus crassicauda, Androctonus bicolor, Androctonus amoreuxi, leiurus quinquestriatus and buthacus arenicola by sequencing CO1 and ND1 genes to provide information about the intraspecific variation/s, evolution and genetic distance between androctonus species (A. crassicauda, A. bicolor, and A. amoreuxi), buthacus species (buthacus arenicola) and Leiurus species (Leiurus quinquestriatus). In addition, we will clarify the relationship among old-world scorpion species by comparing them with the Egyptian scorpions using the two gene sequences CO1 and ND1. Also in this study, we used the COI gene from 5 the different Egyptian scorpions species: Androctonus amoreuxi, Androctonus bicolor, Androctonus crassicauda, Buthacus arenicola, and Leiurus quinquestriatus, to study genetic variations and molecular phylogeny among Egyptian scorpions from different localities.