الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Aim of the work
This study was done in Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University Hospital to assess the role of Il-17, Il-4, and IFN-γ as biomarkers in SLE patients and their relation to disease activity.
Patients and Methods
This study was done on 60 SLE patients and 60 healthy control cases of both sexes.
Results
In the present work, a significant increase in serum level of creatinine was observed in SLE patients compared to controls.
Also, SLE patients suffered from pancytopenia and proteinuria.
In addition to a highly significant increase in the level of ESR was found in SLE patients compared to controls.
In the present study, high significant increase in serum levels of anti-dsDNA, and ANA were recorded in SLE patients compared to the control group.
The serum levels of C3 and C4 in SLE patients were highly significantly lower than in controls.
In this study, highly significant elevation in serum levels of IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ in SLE patients compared to the control group.
As regards the correlation of cytokines with SLEDAI, it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between IL-17 and SLEDAI, a significant positive correlation between IFN-γ and SLEDAI, no significant correlation between IL-4 and SLEDAI.
As regards the correlation of serum cytokines levels with anti-dsDNA there was a significant positive correlation between IL-17 and anti-dsDNA, a significant positive correlation between IFN-γ and anti-dsDNA, and no significant correlation between IL-4 and anti-dsDNA.
In this study, there was a significant positive correlation between IL-17 and 24-hour protein in urine and no significant correlation between IL-4, IFN-γ, and 24-hour protein in the urine.
In the present study, there was a significant negative correlation between IL-17, IFN-γ and C4, the correlation of the levels of the three cytokines with C3 showed that only IL-17 had a significant negative correlation.
In the present study, there was no significant correlation between IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-4 and ANA.
Conclusion
Serum IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels were higher in SLE patients compared to controls and play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. IL-17 was significantly positively correlated with disease activity, anti-dsDNA, and 24-h protein in the urine. IL-17 was significantly negatively correlated with C3 and C4. IFN-γ was significantly positively correlated with disease activity and anti-dsDNA, significantly negatively correlated with C4, and no significant correlation with C3 and 24-h protein in the urine. No significant correlation between SLEDAI, anti-dsDNA, 24-h protein in the urine, C3, C4 and IL-4.
Recommendations
-Evaluate the prognostic role of IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ in SLE patients.
-Evaluate the role of antibodies against IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ in the treatment of SLE patients.
-Detect the effect of immunosuppressive drugs on the serum levels of IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ in SLE patients.
-Detect the role of Il-23 and Il-6 as a biomarkers in SLE patients.
-Evaluate the role of IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ in SLE pathogenesis in larger samples.
- Detect the sensitivity and specificity of IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ in SLE patients.