الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Globally, approximately 15 million of preterm babies are born annually. Preterm babies are facing major health concern of poor neurodevelopment due to poor brain growth, which is a global burden. Transcranial sonography showed good accuracy to study brain growth. It is easily accessible, done at bedside, inexpensive imaging tool, and can be easily obtainable in limited resource areas comparing to MRI. However, there is still existing gap in usage of transcranial sonography during neonatal period. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess brain growth using pons and corpus callosum measurements in preterm babies, and their relations to perinatal risk factors. Moreover, to assess relation between those measurements and resistive indices of cerebral blood flow in basilar and middle cerebral artery.
A prospective study was conducted in preterm babies (≤32 weeks of gestation), and who didn’t get major brain injury. We measured corpus callosum length, corpus callosum-fastigium length, anterior-posterior diameter of pons, pons belly size (height*width), height of cerebellar vemis, weight, and head circumference on day 1, day 7, and day 28. We collected perinatal history, and clinical information while admitted.
A total of 64 preterm babies were followed over a period of 28 days, 56% were female, gestation age ranging from 27 to 32 weeks at birth, and birth weight was 1.099 ± 0.171 kg. All brain biometry measurements, head circumference, weight, and cerebral blood flow in basilar and middle cerebral artery increased over period of 28 days. We found strongly positive correlation between anterior-posterior diameter of pons and pons belly size, and corpus callosum length and corpus callosum-fastigium length; a moderate positive correlation between all measurements and head circumference, and weight over a period of 28 days, as well as between corpus callosum-fastgium length and vermis cerebellar measurements. Being on invasive mechanical ventilation was statistically significant associated with slow change of pons belly size, and anterior-posterior diameter of pons. An increase of weight, and postnatal age were statistically significant with an increase of corpus callosum length, corpus callosum-fastigium length, pons belly size, and anterior-posterior diameter of pons. Long duration on oxygen supplementation was statistically significant associated with a slow increase of both measurement of pons. On contrast, resuscitation with positive pressure ventilation was statistically significant associated a slow increase of pons belly size. A change of brain biometry measurements in first month was not statistically significant associated with retinopathy of premature. Taking surfactant at birth was statistically significant associated with a decrease of cerebral blood flow in all arteries. Over a period of 28 days, an increase of cerebral blood flow was statistically significant correlated with an increase of pons and corpus callosum measurements. Cerebral blood flow at birth in all arteries were not associated with any brain biometry