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Abstract
In the presented retrospective study the purpose was to analyze the available records of CBCT records for the prevalence of the second mesio-buccal canal (MB2) in the permanent maxillary first and second molars amongst members of an Egyptian population. CBCT images of maxillary first and second molars (116) with high arch palate, voxel size less than 0.2, average age 20-60 years in both sexes with minimum of one molar in the scan. Maxillary molars with fully formed apices; and no root canal fillings, posts, crown restorations were included. The incidence of MB2 in maxillary first right molars was 64.7% and 75.7% in maxillary first left molars. The prevalence of the MB2 canal in maxillary second right molars was 39.8% and 58.9% in maxillary second left molars, there was no significant between the right and left side of the maxillary molars teeth. There was higher prevalence of type IV canal configurations in first molars and type I in the second molars; furthermore, it was more prevalent in males than females. As for the location of MB root canal curvature it was almost in the middle third and there were no significance differences between the right and left side of these teeth. The prevalence of variations of MB2 and morphological differences found in mesio-buccal roots did occur in different populations. Consideration during surgical or nonsurgical endodontic procedures of the permanent maxillary molars to define the existence of prevailing extra root canals should be taken