الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Background: Colorectal carcinoma CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide and a leading cause of cancer related deaths. Based on insight into immune system / cancer interactions, cancer immunotherapy strategies have been developed. Of these strategies, immune checkpoints regulators are among the most important. Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is one of the 2 ligands of Programmed Death-1 (PD-1); an important immune checkpoint regulator. Clinical trials using PD-L1 antibodies have shown efficacy in various cancers. Some of these antibodies have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for clinical use |