الفهرس 
Effect of serial casting on equinus foot in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy /
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Abstract
Objective: Equinus is the most common problem in ambulatory children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy, which results in an unstable and inefficient gait pattern. Without proper management at an early stage, it can lead to permanent foot deformities. Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of serial casting on ankle range of motion, tone of the calf muscle and ankle kinematics during gait in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Patients and methods: Twenty-five out of thirty spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy children from both sexes participated in this study. They were selected at level I according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and the degree of spasticity ranged from II to III according to Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) with true equinus. They were randomly assigned into two groups. The first group, twelve children, was the group (A) who received a selected physical therapy program once a day/ 3 times a week for three successive weeks, with their mean ± SD age, weight and height were 4.85 ± 0.73 years, 16.79 ± 2.85 kg and 102.33 ± 6.38 cm respectively; and the second group, thirteen children, was the group (B) additionally received three consecutive short below knee casts for five days each and removed in the last two days in each week to conduct the same selected physical therapy program which conducted for the group (A), with their mean ± SD age, weight and height were 4.8 ± 0.8 years, 16.07 ± 2.78 kg and 101.38 ± 7.62 cm respectively. Ankle range of motion was assessed by electronic goniometer, calf muscle spasticity was assessed by MAS and ankle kinematics during gait was assessed by observational gait scale (OGS)