الفهرس 
Far-right parties and the European challenges (2013-2016)
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Abstract
Europe is facing major challenges that are connected together. The first challenge is the refugees{u2019} crisis. Refugees, who started to move to Europe since the instable conditions in the Middle East especially in Syria, have increased in numbers since 2015, which were estimated by a million at the end of it.The second challenge facing Europe is the increasing terrorist attacks in most of the Europeanscapitals. One of the biggest attacks was that which has taken place in Paris, France in 13 November2015, an attack that left hundreds of killed peoples, this attack was a changing point in theEuropean policy towards borders controls and refugees. All these circumstances led to the increase of the far-right parties{u2019} influence in Europe. Far-right parties started to emerge in mid-1980s, it was not a breakthrough that ended quickly, however they managed to continue in the political parties map till nowadays.Far-right parties are part or form of political extremism which could be defined as the will to create a social movement to serve a political program that is different from the one adopted by the current state authorities. The thesis studied those two challenges through three far-right parties in Europe, in which how each of them had used these challenges for their benefit in a way or another.These parties are Alternative for Germany, National Front in France and United Kingdom Independence Party. The time frame of the study is between 2013 and 2016. In these three years, the political map in these countries had changed as they witnessed a rise for the far-right parties which succeeded in using these circumstances in their programs, electoral campaigns and speeches and affect the voters{u2019} views concerning their governments and their policies