الفهرس 
Title : Stealterations in apoptosis and ATM gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrows
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Abstract
Background: Aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow failure state characterized by pancytopenia and reduced bone marrow cellularity (Young, 2018). Etiologically it could be hereditary, acquired secondary to a known cause, or primary idiopathic where no cause could be identified. Idiopathic aplastic anemia represent about 65% of cases seen in clinical practice. Pathogentically, acquired aplastic anemia has been related to an immune mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been claimed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AA. (Medinger et al., 2018). Objectives: This study aimed at exploring apoptotic and Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated gene (ATM gene) expression changes in cases of idiopathic AA. Material and methods: Fifteen patients with confirmed or highly suspected idiopathic AA were recruited from the hematology clinic of Cairo عniversity Children Hospital after exclusion of other possible causes (hereditary or secondary acquired). Bone marrow aspiration samples from 17 children of close age and sex distribution with non-aplastic nor neoplastic conditions who had routine bone marrow examination as part of their workup were included as a control for the bone marrow culture studies. Long term bone marrow culture with isolation of MSCs were carried out from aspirated marrow of both AA patients and controls. Following MSC identification by flowcytometric detection of CD44 and CD105, apoptosis was studied by flowcytometry using Annexin V and PI (Propidium iodide). An RNA extraction from isolated MSCs, and conventional RT-PCR for ATM gene expression was then carried out