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Abstract Experiments were carried out at Agronomy Seed lab., Agronomy Dept., and Ain Shams Center For Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ACGEB , Genetic Dept., Faculty of Agriculture - Ain Shams University to determine biological change occurred in soybean seed (Giza 111 cultivar) during priming, whereas, priming was investigated at different types of priming (hydro-priming, osmo-priming and salt-priming) and different periods of each type (short, medium and long periods). It was found that type of priming enhanced germination percentage significantly from low performance of 40% to 51%, 68% and 75% for hydration, osmo-priming and salt priming respectively. Extending exposing period to the longest period gave significantly maximum increment in seed germination. Maximum speed of germination was recorded when soybean soaked in 2.12% CaCl2 solution for the longest period (48 hrs.) reaching a value of 0.64. It was noticeable that increasing soaking period to the longest period examined in this investigation accelerated the rate of germination to a maximum level. Salt priming produced longest shoot when compared with control. Overall, for most results obtained in this trial, seed primed with CaCl2 showed better performance than those primed with water. Protein extract was analyzed using SDS-PAGE, whereas, results showed that there was 12 bands formed on separating SDS-gel for soybeans extracts. Variation were noticed within bands appear for each treatment meaning that synthesizing proteins affected by type of priming and its duration. Soybeans seeds exposed to hydration for all three periods used in this investigation varied from control, whereas number of protein bands on SDS gel increased from 10 bands separated on control pattern to 13, 11 and 12 for hydration treatment at periods of 6, 12 and 24 hrs. respectively. Also number of monopoly-uni. and uniquebands varied as well as its intensive dye which reflect that amount of protein formed varied between treatments. Considering exposing seeds to salt solution of CaCl2 for longest period (48 hrs.) less bands of separated protein were formed on SDS gel. Biological seed quality was assessed by extracting proteins on native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, whereas, all priming treatments at application periods enhanced peroxidase activity compared to control (untreated seeds). It was remarkably that the longest period of application showed the highest peroxidase activity. Salt priming showed an interesting long major activity band more than other treatments. Esterase activity bands of PAGE gel showed less activity as subjected to all priming types at any period used in this investigation. It was clear that increasing period of exposing seeds to priming caused esterase activity to be reduced since the intensive band diminished however, there was a slight third band appeared |