الفهرس 
Nutrition in neonatesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 134 |  |  |
| | | from | 134 | | |
Abstract
Parental nutrition is an essential part of the medical management of critically ill neonates. The primary goal of PN is to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, and to promote growth and neurodevelopment. Despite benefits, PN does not come without complications specifically central line-associated blood stream infections, energy and electrolyte imbalances and hepatobilliary complications.
Apelin is an adipokine that is secreted from adipocytes in different organs may be important in the modulation of the immune responses in neonates and newborns and is a pro-inflammatory factor that participates in vascular wall inflammation. Apelin could also regulate glucose metabolism, by promoting glucose absorption by the enterocytes and then by increasing portal blood glucose and insulin secretion. Also, apelin was shown to increase Glucagon like peptide 1 secretion. Apelin also affects lipid metabolism, as it inhibit lipolysis and increase the stability of lipid vacuoles making them more resistant to lipases.
So, we aimed in the present study to investigate the role of apelin in prediction of alteration in blood glucose level and lipid profile in neonates on total parenteral nutrition.
This cross sectional study was conducted on 30 neonates admitted to NICU, Department of Pediatrics, Menoufia University Hospitals, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria during the period between March 2020 and September 2021 after approval of ethical committee (9119311) at (23/3/2020).
Inclusion criteria:
All Newborns (0-28) days of both sexes admitted to NICU and in need for total parenteral nutrition for at least 14 days and TPN protocol was approved by the NICU staff according to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Prathik et al., 2021).
Exclusion criteria:
Newborns with genetic syndromes and major malformations
Newborns with suspected inborn error of metabolism
Parental refusal
Newborn not fulfilled inclusion criteria
All newborns were subjected to the following
I. Full history taking.
II. Full clinical examination:
III. Investigations: including routine and specific work up.
A. Routine investigations, e.g.
• Complete Blood Count (CBC).
• C - reactive protein (CRP).
• Liver function tests (SGOT, SGPT).
• Renal function tests (Urea, Creatinine).
• Arterial blood gases (ABG).
• Serum electrolytes (ex. Na, K, Ca).
• Blood Culture.